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arXiv 1109.6498astro-ph.CO
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用Chandra星系群样本检验X射线标度关系的低质量端

Testing the Low-Mass End of X-Ray Scaling Relations with a Sample of Chandra Galaxy Groups

H. J. Eckmiller, D. S. Hudson, T. H. Reiprich

摘要:

确定X射线观测值和星系团质量之间的标度关系对于在宇宙学中使用大的星系团样本是必不可少的。诸如Lx-T、M-T、Lx-M关系之类的群关系已经被广泛研究,然而问题仍然是这些关系是否对群也成立。一些证据支持在低质量下的破裂,可能是由非引力物理学对低质量系统的影响造成的。这项工作的主要目标是测试低质量范围的缩放关系,以检查集群和组之间是否存在系统差异,并将这种可靠的集群质量确定方法扩展到未来的样本组制度。我们收集了112个X射线星系群的统计完整样本,其中26个是钱德拉数据。温度,金属丰度,和表面亮度配置文件创建,并用于确定主要的物理量和缩放关系。然后,我们将组属性与HIFLUGCS集群和其他样本进行了比较。我们提出的配置文件和整个样品的标度关系。T和Z轮廓的行为是通用的,但核心除外。Lx-T、M-T、Lx-M、Mg-M、M-Yx和Lx-Yx关系与团簇符合得很好。当T<3 keV时,Lx-T关系变陡,这可能表明加热机制对冷却系统的影响更大。我们发现,在低于1 keV的气体质量分数的强烈下降,这表明ICM是不占主导地位的群体和星系有一个更强的影响系统。在所有的关系中,群的内禀散射更大,这似乎与合并活动无关,但可能是由于群核中重子物理引起的散射。我们还证明了选择效应的重要性。我们已经发现了证据的组和集群之间的相似性断裂。然而,这对标度关系没有强烈的影响。

英文摘要:

Well-determined scaling relations between X-ray observables and cluster mass are essential for using large cluster samples for cosmology. Cluster relations such as the Lx-T, M-T, Lx-M relations, have been investigated extensively, however the question remains whether these relations hold true also for groups. Some evidence supports a break at low masses, possibly caused by the influence of non-gravitational physics on low-mass systems. The main goal of this work is to test scaling relations for the low-mass range to check whether there is a systematic difference between clusters and groups, and to extend this method of reliable cluster mass determination for future samples down to the group regime. We compiled a statistically complete sample of 112 X-ray galaxy groups, 26 with Chandra data. Temperature, metallicity, and surface brightness profiles were created, and used to determine the main physical quantities and scaling relations. We then compared the group properties to the HIFLUGCS clusters and other samples. We present profiles and scaling relations of the whole sample. T and Z profiles behave universally, except for the cores. The Lx-T, M-T, Lx-M, Mg-M, M-Yx, and Lx-Yx relations are in good agreement with clusters. The Lx-T relation steepens for T<3keV, which could point to a larger impact of heating mechanisms on cooler systems. We found a strong drop in the gas mass fraction below 1keV, which indicates the ICM is less dominant in groups and the galaxies have a stronger influence on the system. In all relations the intrinsic scatter for groups is larger, which appears not correlated with merger activity but could be due to scatter caused by baryonic physics in the group cores. We also demonstrate the importance of selection effects. We have found evidence for a similarity break between groups and clusters. However this does not have a strong effect on scaling relations.

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