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arXiv 1109.0089astro-ph.CO
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超大质量黑洞的宇宙演化。I. 0<z<2时的质量函数

Cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes. I. mass function at 0<z<2

Yan-Rong Li, Luis C. Ho, Jian-Min Wang

摘要:

利用场星系最新的深光度和质量函数来约束其椭球体的质量,给出了红移范围z=0-2的超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的质量函数,并通过SMBH与椭球体质量的经验关系(M_bh-M_sph关系)将其与SMBH质量联系起来.除了球状体中恒星含量的光度衰减外,我们还仔细考虑了星系群的膨胀光度与总光度之比以及M_bh/M_sph之比的变化,根据最近的大量研究,M_bh/M_sph之比随红移而迅速变化。从星系光度和质量函数导出的SMBH质量函数在形状和归一化方面都表现出很好的一致性。由此产生的SMBH质量函数和积分质量密度的本地历元(z~0)匹配以及独立推导出的其他研究。与宇宙缩小的其他证据一致,自$z\approx2$以来,质量函数的上端大致保持不变,而较低质量黑洞的空间密度经历了强烈的演化。我们仔细评估各种不确定性来源对我们计算的影响。一个配套文件使用的质量函数在这项工作中推导出的辐射效率的黑洞吸积和约束,可以施加在宇宙学演化的黑洞自旋。

英文摘要:

We present the mass function of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) over the redshift range z=0-2, using the latest deep luminosity and mass functions of field galaxies to constrain the masses of their spheroids, which we relate to SMBH mass through the empirical correlation between SMBH and spheroid mass (the M_bh-M_sph relation). In ddition to luminosity fading of the stellar content of the spheroids, we carefully consider the variation of the bulge-to-total luminosity ratio of the galaxy populations and the M_bh/M_sph ratio, which, according to numerous recent studies, evolves rapidly with redshift. The SMBH mass functions derived from the galaxy luminosity and mass functions show very good agreement, both in shape and in normalization. The resultant SMBH mass function and integrated mass density for the local epoch (z~0) match well those derived independently by other studies. Consistent with other evidence for cosmic downsizing, the upper end of the mass function remains roughly constant since $z\approx2$, while the space density of lower mass black holes undergoes strong evolution. We carefully assess the impact of various sources of uncertainties on our calculations. A companion paper uses the mass function derived in this work to determine the radiative efficiency of black hole accretion and constraints that can be imposed on the cosmological evolution of black hole spin.

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