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arXiv 1108.4501cs.CCcs.DMcs.DS
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MaxSat的参数化复杂性高于平均水平

Parameterized Complexity of MaxSat Above Average

Robert Crowston, Gregory Gutin, Mark Jones, Venkatesh Raman, Saket Saurabh

摘要:

在MaxSat中,我们给出了一个CNF公式$F$,其中包含$n$变量和$m$子句,并要求找到满足最大子句数的真值分配。令$r_1,..., r_m$为$F$的子句中文字的数量。则$asat(F)=\sum_{i=1}^m (1-2^{-r_i})$是随机真值分配(变量的真值均匀且独立地分布)所满足的子句的预期数量。众所周知,在多项式时间内,可以找到至少满足$asat(F)$子句的真值分配。在参数化问题MaxSat-AA中,我们要判定是否存在至少满足$asat(F)+k$子句的真值赋值,其中$k$是参数。我们证明了MaxSat-AA是para-NP-complete的,因此,MaxSat-AA是不固定参数易处理的,除非P $=$ NP。这与最近被Crowston等人(arXiv:1104.1135v3)证明为固定参数易处理的MaxLin 2-AA形成鲜明对比。事实上,我们考虑{ \sc MaxSat-AA}的更精细版本,{ \sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA},其中$r_j\le r(n)$用于每个$j$。Alon { \em等} (SODA 2010)证明了如果$r=r(n)$是常数,则{ \sc Max-$r$-Sat-AA}是固定参数易处理的。我们证明了{ \sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA}对于$r(n)=\lceil \log n\rceil.$是para-NP-完备的。我们还证明了在指数时间假设下,{ \sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA}对于任何$r(n)\ge \log \log n +ϕ(n)$都不存在于极限规划中,其中$ϕ(n)$是任何无界严格递增函数。$r(n)$的这个下限不能进一步降低,因为我们证明了{ \sc Max- $r(n)$ -Sat-AA}(i)对于任何$r(n)\le \log \log n - \log \log \log n$都在XP中,并且(ii)对于任何$r(n)\le \log \log n - \log \log \log n - ϕ(n)$都是固定参数可处理的,其中$ϕ(n)$是任何无界严格递增函数。证明使用了{ \sc MaxLin 2-AA}上的一些结果。

英文摘要:

In MaxSat, we are given a CNF formula $F$ with $n$ variables and $m$ clauses and asked to find a truth assignment satisfying the maximum number of clauses. Let $r_1,..., r_m$ be the number of literals in the clauses of $F$. Then $asat(F)=\sum_{i=1}^m (1-2^{-r_i})$ is the expected number of clauses satisfied by a random truth assignment (the truth values to the variables are distributed uniformly and independently). It is well-known that, in polynomial time, one can find a truth assignment satisfying at least $asat(F)$ clauses. In the parameterized problem MaxSat-AA, we are to decide whether there is a truth assignment satisfying at least $asat(F)+k$ clauses, where $k$ is the parameter. We prove that MaxSat-AA is para-NP-complete and, thus, MaxSat-AA is not fixed-parameter tractable unless P$=$NP. This is in sharp contrast to MaxLin2-AA which was recently proved to be fixed-parameter tractable by Crowston et al. (arXiv:1104.1135v3). In fact, we consider a more refined version of {\sc MaxSat-AA}, {\sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA}, where $r_j\le r(n)$ for each $j$. Alon {\em et al.} (SODA 2010) proved that if $r=r(n)$ is a constant, then {\sc Max-$r$-Sat-AA} is fixed-parameter tractable. We prove that {\sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA} is para-NP-complete for $r(n)=\lceil \log n\rceil.$ We also prove that assuming the exponential time hypothesis, {\sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA} is not in XP already for any $r(n)\ge \log \log n +ϕ(n)$, where $ϕ(n)$ is any unbounded strictly increasing function. This lower bound on $r(n)$ cannot be decreased much further as we prove that {\sc Max-$r(n)$-Sat-AA} is (i) in XP for any $r(n)\le \log \log n - \log \log \log n$ and (ii) fixed-parameter tractable for any $r(n)\le \log \log n - \log \log \log n - ϕ(n)$, where $ϕ(n)$ is any unbounded strictly increasing function. The proof uses some results on {\sc MaxLin2-AA}.

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