零售模拟模型中员工主动性建模初探
A First Approach on Modelling Staff Proactiveness in Retail Simulation Models
摘要：
近年来，发达国家工业的相对构成发生了明显的变化;制造业正在减少，而服务部门则变得更加重要。然而，目前大多数用于调查服务系统的仿真模型仍然以与制造仿真模型相同的方式构建，使用面向过程的世界观，即它们对被动实体通过系统的流动进行建模。这类模型允许研究运营管理的各个方面，但不适合研究由于人类行为而出现在服务系统中的动态。对于这些类型的研究，我们需要的工具，允许建模的系统和实体使用面向对象的世界观，智能对象作为抽象的“演员”，目标导向，可以主动行为。在我们的工作中，我们结合面向过程的离散事件仿真建模和面向对象的代理的仿真建模，研究人员的管理实践对零售生产力的影响。在本文中，我们揭示了在一系列的实验中，考虑主动性可以对以人为中心的系统的仿真模型的输出精度的影响。我们用于本次调查的模型和数据是基于英国百货公司的案例研究。我们发现，考虑积极主动性的影响，这些类型的模型的有效性，因此，允许分析师提出更好的建议，就战略，以应用人员管理策略。
英文摘要：
There has been a noticeable shift in the relative composition of the industry in the developed countries in recent years; manufacturing is decreasing while the service sector is becoming more important. However, currently most simulation models for investigating service systems are still built in the same way as manufacturing simulation models, using a process-oriented world view, i.e. they model the flow of passive entities through a system. These kinds of models allow studying aspects of operational management but are not well suited for studying the dynamics that appear in service systems due to human behaviour. For these kinds of studies we require tools that allow modelling the system and entities using an object-oriented world view, where intelligent objects serve as abstract "actors" that are goal directed and can behave proactively. In our work we combine process-oriented discrete event simulation modelling and object-oriented agent based simulation modelling to investigate the impact of people management practices on retail productivity. In this paper, we reveal in a series of experiments what impact considering proactivity can have on the output accuracy of simulation models of human centric systems. The model and data we use for this investigation are based on a case study in a UK department store. We show that considering proactivity positively influences the validity of these kinds of models and therefore allows analysts to make better recommendations regarding strategies to apply people management practises.
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