多共轭AO的基准：年轻大质量星系团Trumpler 14的VLT-MAD观测
A benchmark for multi-conjugated AO: VLT-MAD observations of the young massive cluster Trumpler 14
摘要：
MAD是VLT的第一个多共轭自适应光学系统。我们提出了H和Ks的观测年轻的大规模集群Trumpler 14揭示了MCAO系统的权力，通过提供一个均匀的斯特列尔比在一个大的视野。平均斯特列尔比为6.0和5.9%，最大斯特列尔比为9.8和12.6%的H和Ks，分别显示出显着改善的空间PSF稳定性相比，单共轭自适应光学系统。我们的观测测光覆盖了~10等的动态范围，包括2-3倍的源比可比的可见度有限的观测。彩色星等图显示，这个大质量星团起源于1+/-0.5百万年前的一次类似恒星爆发的事件。我们试探性地检测到一个老人口的提示3百万年表明，低强度的恒星形成可能已经在HII地区进行了几个百万年。我们导出了0.1 ~ 3.2 M太阳的光度函数和质量函数，并确定了质量函数的幂律斜率在mc ~0.53（+0.12/-0.10）M太阳处的变化。MF看起来很浅，幂律斜率在m_c以上为Gamma 1 =-0.50+/-0.11，在m_c以下为Gamma 2 =0.63+/-0.32。
英文摘要：
MAD is the first multi-conjugated adaptive optics system at the VLT. We present H and Ks observations of the young massive cluster Trumpler 14 revealing the power of MCAO systems by providing a homogeneous Strehl ratio over a large field of view. Mean Strehl ratios of 6.0 and 5.9 per cent with maximum Strehl ratios of 9.8 and 12.6 per cent in H and Ks, respectively, show significant improvement of the spatial PSF stability compared to single-conjugated adaptive optics systems. Photometry of our observations cover a dynamic range of ~10 mag including 2-3 times more sources than comparable seeing-limited observations. The colour-magnitude diagram reveals that the massive cluster originated in a recent starburst-like event 1+/-0.5 Myr ago. We tentatively detect hints for an older population of 3 Myr suggesting that low intensity star formation might have been going on in the HII region for a few Myr. We derive the luminosity function and mass function between 0.1 M_sun and 3.2 M_sun and identify a change of the power law slope of the mass function at m_c~0.53(+0.12/-0.10) M_sun. The MF appears shallow with power law slopes of Gamma1=-0.50+/-0.11 above m_c and Gamma2=0.63+/-0.32 below m_c.
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