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arXiv 1108.0848astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRnucl-th
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核塌缩超新星模拟中的新状态方程

New Equations of State in Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae

Matthias Hempel, Tobias Fischer, Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich, Matthias Liebendörfer

摘要:

本文讨论了三种新的状态方程在核塌缩超新星模拟中的应用。新的物态方程是基于Hempel和Schaffner-Bielich(HS)的核统计平衡模型,其中包括排除体积效应和相对论平均场(RMF)相互作用。我们考虑RMF参数化TM 1,TMA和FSUgold。这些状态方程实现到我们的球对称核心坍缩超新星模型,这是基于广义相对论辐射流体力学和三味玻尔兹曼中微子输运。将新物态方程得到的结果与广泛使用的H物态方程进行了比较。Shen等人和Lattimer & Swesty.系统的比较表明,非均匀核物质的模型描述与核相互作用的参数化对超新星动力学和中微子信号同样重要。此外,研究了核物理的几个新方面:HS状态方程包含核的分布,包括核壳效应。轻核的出现,例如,还探索了氘和氚,其可以变得与α和自由质子一样丰富。此外,我们还研究了核心坍缩失败的超新星中黑洞的形成,这主要取决于高密度状态方程。我们发现,温度效应导致系统的非相对论LS状态方程的RMF状态方程相比,更快的崩溃。我们推导出一个新的相关性的时间,直到黑洞的形成,它允许确定最大质量的原中子星,如果中微子信号从这样一个失败的超新星将在未来测量。这将给有限熵的核状态方程一个约束,补充了对冷中子星的观测。

英文摘要:

We discuss three new equations of state (EOS) in core-collapse supernova simulations. The new EOS are based on the nuclear statistical equilibrium model of Hempel and Schaffner-Bielich (HS), which includes excluded volume effects and relativistic mean-field (RMF) interactions. We consider the RMF parameterizations TM1, TMA, and FSUgold. These EOS are implemented into our spherically symmetric core-collapse supernova model, which is based on general relativistic radiation hydrodynamics and three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport. The results obtained for the new EOS are compared with the widely used EOS of H. Shen et al. and Lattimer & Swesty. The systematic comparison shows that the model description of inhomogeneous nuclear matter is as important as the parameterization of the nuclear interactions for the supernova dynamics and the neutrino signal. Furthermore, several new aspects of nuclear physics are investigated: the HS EOS contains distributions of nuclei, including nuclear shell effects. The appearance of light nuclei, e.g., deuterium and tritium is also explored, which can become as abundant as alphas and free protons. In addition, we investigate the black hole formation in failed core-collapse supernovae, which is mainly determined by the high-density EOS. We find that temperature effects lead to a systematically faster collapse for the non-relativistic LS EOS in comparison to the RMF EOS. We deduce a new correlation for the time until black hole formation, which allows to determine the maximum mass of proto-neutron stars, if the neutrino signal from such a failed supernova would be measured in the future. This would give a constraint for the nuclear EOS at finite entropy, complementary to observations of cold neutron stars.

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