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arXiv 1107.5307astro-ph.HE
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雨燕J2058 .4+0516:发现可能的第二次相对论性潮汐破裂耀斑?

Swift J2058.4+0516: Discovery of a Possible Second Relativistic Tidal Disruption Flare?

S. Bradley Cenko, Hans A. Krimm, Assaf Horesh, Arne Rau, Dale A. Frail, Jaime A. Kennea, Andrew J. Levan, Stephen T. Holland, Nat R. Butler, Robert M. Quimby, J… 展开作者

S. Bradley Cenko, Hans A. Krimm, Assaf Horesh, Arne Rau, Dale A. Frail, Jaime A. Kennea, Andrew J. Levan, Stephen T. Holland, Nat R. Butler, Robert M. Quimby, Joshua S. Bloom, Alexei V. Filippenko, Avishay Gal-Yam, Jochen Greiner, S. R. Kulkarni, Eran O. Ofek, Felipe Olivares E., Patricia Schady, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Nial Tanvir, Dong Xu

摘要:

我们报告了由Swift硬X射线监测器发现的瞬变源Swift J2058.4+0516(Sw J2058+05)。我们的多波长跟踪活动发现了一个长寿命(持续时间>~个月)的发光X射线(L_X,iso ~ 3 x 10^47 erg s^-1)和射电(nu L_nu,iso ~ 10^42 erg s^-1)对应物。然而,相关的光发射,我们测量到的红移为1.1853,相对较弱,这不是由于宿主星系中大量的尘埃消光。基于与最近发现的GRB 110328 A/ Swift J164449.3+573451(Sw J1644+57)的许多相似性,我们认为Sw J2058+05可能是一类新的相对论爆发的第二个成员,这种爆发是由超大质量黑洞对恒星的潮汐破坏造成的。如果是这样的话,这些源的相对稀少(与预期的潮汐破裂速率相比)意味着这些流出物的准直度非常窄(θ < 1度),或者只有一小部分潮汐破裂产生相对论性喷出物。类似于长时间伽马射线暴和核心坍缩超新星的情况,我们推测黑洞的快速自旋可能是产生相对论分量的必要条件。或者,如果由气体吸积提供动力(即,一个活动星系核[AGN]),Sw J2058+05似乎代表了这些来源的一种新的变化模式,因为观察到的属性似乎与能够产生相对论喷流的已知AGN类别(耀变体,窄线塞弗特1星系)不一致。

英文摘要:

We report the discovery by the Swift hard X-ray monitor of the transient source Swift J2058.4+0516 (Sw J2058+05). Our multi-wavelength follow-up campaign uncovered a long-lived (duration >~ months), luminous X-ray (L_X,iso ~ 3 x 10^47 erg s^-1) and radio (nu L_nu,iso ~ 10^42 erg s^-1) counterpart. The associated optical emission, however, from which we measure a redshift of 1.1853, is relatively faint, and this is not due to a large amount of dust extinction in the host galaxy. Based on numerous similarities with the recently discovered GRB 110328A / Swift J164449.3+573451 (Sw J1644+57), we suggest that Sw J2058+05 may be the second member of a new class of relativistic outbursts resulting from the tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole. If so, the relative rarity of these sources (compared with the expected rate of tidal disruptions) implies that either these outflows are extremely narrowly collimated (theta < 1 degree), or only a small fraction of tidal disruptions generate relativistic ejecta. Analogous to the case of long-duration gamma-ray bursts and core-collapse supernovae, we speculate that rapid spin of the black hole may be a necessary condition to generate the relativistic component. Alternatively, if powered by gas accretion (i.e., an active galactic nucleus [AGN]), Sw J2058+05 would seem to represent a new mode of variability in these sources, as the observed properties appear largely inconsistent with known classes of AGNs capable of generating relativistic jets (blazars, narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies).

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