用涨落定理研究颗粒气体的功交换
Experimental study of work exchange with a granular gas: the viewpoint of the Fluctuation Theorem
摘要：
本文报道了颗粒气体与小的受驱动谐振子之间能流涨落的实验研究。驱动该系统的直流电机同时用作执行器和探头。从波动定理的观点出发，研究了在受控强迫下电机和燃气之间的功波动的统计。根据事件发生概率与其反转概率之间的关系，得到了颗粒气体的特征能量$E_c$。
英文摘要：
This article reports on an experimental study of the fluctuations of energy flux between a granular gas and a small driven harmonic oscillator. The DC-motor driving this system is used simultaneously as actuator and probe. The statistics of work fluctuations at controlled forcing, between the motor and the gas are examined from the viewpoint of the Fluctuation Theorem. A characteristic energy $E_c$ of the granular gas, is obtained from this relation between the probabilities of an event and its reversal.
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