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arXiv 1107.3986astro-ph.CO
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COSMOS中z~0.4的两个化石星系群:加速的恒星质量积累,不同的祖先

Two fossil groups of galaxies at z~0.4 in the COSMOS: accelerated stellar-mass build-up, different progenitors

D. Pierini, S. Giodini, A. Finoguenov, H. Boehringer, E. D'Onghia, G. W. Pratt, J. Democles, M. Pannella, S. Zibetti, F. G. Braglia, M. Verdugo, F. Ziparo, A. M… 展开作者

D. Pierini, S. Giodini, A. Finoguenov, H. Boehringer, E. D'Onghia, G. W. Pratt, J. Democles, M. Pannella, S. Zibetti, F. G. Braglia, M. Verdugo, F. Ziparo, A. M. Koekemoer, M. Salvato, the COSMOS Collaboration

摘要:

本文报道了在宇宙演化巡天(COSMOS)地区发现的z=0.425和0.372的两个化石星系群。被选为X射线扩展源,它们的总质量(M_200)分别为1.9(+/-0.41 E13)和9.5(+/-0.42 E13)M_sun,这是从最近的X射线光度-质量标度关系中获得的。较低质量的系统似乎是孤立的,而另一个位于一个众所周知的大尺度结构(LSS)中,由27个其他X射线发射组组成。化石的鉴定是基于所有星系的i波段测光,其照片z与2-sigma置信水平下的星系群一致,并且在投影的星系群中心距离等于0.5R_200内,i_AB<=22.5等限制光谱。这两个化石群都表现出很高的恒星总质量比,与宇宙中所有质量在0.3<=z<=0.5的X射线选择组相比。与类似质量系统的复合星系恒星质量函数(GSMFs)不同,这两个化石星系群的GSMFs都是由被动演化的星系所主导的,这些星系的演化速率可达M^星~ 1 E10 Msun(根据星系宽带光谱能量分布)。b-r vs i色星等图中的星系分布证实了相对缺乏1 E10 <=M^星<= 1 E11 M_sun的恒星形成星系。因此,这两个化石群似乎比同时代的、同样庞大的化石群更成熟。它们的整体恒星形成活动在恒星总质量加速增加后迅速结束;在最后3至6 Gyr,没有发生M^恒星>= 1 E10 M_sun的星系的显著坍缩。这种相似性仍然存在,尽管这两个化石群嵌入在LSS的两个非常不同的密度环境中,这表明它们的星系种群是由不依赖于LSS的过程形成的。但是,它们的祖先可能会这样做。...

英文摘要:

We report on 2 fossil groups of galaxies at z=0.425 and 0.372 discovered in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) area. Selected as X-ray extended sources, they have total masses (M_200) of 1.9(+/-0.41)E13 and 9.5(+/-0.42)E13 M_sun, respectively, as obtained from a recent X-ray luminosity-mass scaling relation. The lower mass system appears isolated, whereas the other sits in a well-known large-scale structure (LSS) populated by 27 other X-ray emitting groups. The identification as fossil is based on the i-band photometry of all the galaxies with a photo-z consistent with that of the group at the 2-sigma confidence level and within a projected group-centric distance equal to 0.5R_200, and i_AB<=22.5-mag limited spectroscopy. Both fossil groups exhibit high stellar-to-total mass ratios compared to all the X-ray selected groups of similar mass at 0.3<=z<=0.5 in the COSMOS. At variance with the composite galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) of similarly massive systems, both fossil group GSMFs are dominated by passively evolving galaxies down to M^stars~1E10 M_sun (according to the galaxy broad-band spectral energy distributions). The relative lack of star-forming galaxies with 1E10<=M^stars<=1E11 M_sun is confirmed by the galaxy distribution in the b-r vs i color-magnitude diagram. Hence, the 2 fossil groups appear as more mature than the coeval, similarly massive groups. Their overall star formation activity ended rapidly after an accelerated build up of the total stellar mass; no significant infall of galaxies with M^stars>=1E10 M_sun took place in the last 3 to 6 Gyr. This similarity holds although the 2 fossil groups are embedded in two very different density environments of the LSS, which suggests that their galaxy populations were shaped by processes that do not depend on the LSS. However, their progenitors may do so. ...

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