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arXiv 1107.3553astro-ph.CO
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[ CII ]精细结构线再电离时期的强度作图

Intensity Mapping of the [CII] Fine Structure Line during the Epoch of Reionization

Yan Gong, Asantha Cooray, Marta Silva, Mario G. Santos, James Bock, C. Matt Bradford, Michael Zemcov

摘要:

原子CII精细结构线是典型恒星形成星系光谱中最亮的线之一,其光度约为辐射光度的0.1%至1%。它可能是一个可靠的示踪剂的稠密气体分布在高红移,并可能提供一个额外的探针的时代再电离。通过考虑CII线的自发辐射、受激辐射和碰撞辐射,计算了自旋温度和平均强度随红移的变化。当平均在宇宙学上的大体积,我们发现,在个别星系的电离碳的CII发射大于碳在星系际介质(IGM)中产生的信号。假设CII的光度与暗物质晕中的碳质量成正比,我们还计算了不同红移下CII谱线强度的功率谱。为了避免在高红移CII观测时受到低红移CO转动谱线的干扰,我们提出了CII与高红移21 cm谱线辐射的互相关。为了探索再电离CII信号的可探测性,我们还评估了CII功率谱和CII-21厘米交叉功率谱的预期误差的基础上,未来毫米波测量的设计。我们注意到,CII-21厘米交叉功率谱包含有趣的功能,捕获物理过程中的再电离,包括电离气泡的大小和平均电离分数,这是具有挑战性的测量从21厘米的数据。我们提出了一个仪器概念的再电离CII实验的目标频率范围为$\sim$ 200至300 GHz的1,3和10米的孔径和辐射热光谱仪阵列与64个独立的光谱像素约20,000辐射热计。

英文摘要:

The atomic CII fine-structure line is one of the brightest lines in a typical star-forming galaxy spectrum with a luminosity ~ 0.1% to 1% of the bolometric luminosity. It is potentially a reliable tracer of the dense gas distribution at high redshifts and could provide an additional probe to the era of reionization. By taking into account of the spontaneous, stimulated and collisional emission of the CII line, we calculate the spin temperature and the mean intensity as a function of the redshift. When averaged over a cosmologically large volume, we find that the CII emission from ionized carbon in individual galaxies is larger than the signal generated by carbon in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Assuming that the CII luminosity is proportional to the carbon mass in dark matter halos, we also compute the power spectrum of the CII line intensity at various redshifts. In order to avoid the contamination from CO rotational lines at low redshift when targeting a CII survey at high redshifts, we propose the cross-correlation of CII and 21-cm line emission from high redshifts. To explore the detectability of the CII signal from reionization, we also evaluate the expected errors on the CII power spectrum and CII-21 cm cross power spectrum based on the design of the future milimeter surveys. We note that the CII-21 cm cross power spectrum contains interesting features that captures physics during reionization, including the ionized bubble sizes and the mean ionization fraction, which are challenging to measure from 21-cm data alone. We propose an instrumental concept for the reionization CII experiment targeting the frequency range of $\sim$ 200 to 300 GHz with 1, 3 and 10 meter apertures and a bolometric spectrometer array with 64 independent spectral pixels with about 20,000 bolometers.

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