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arXiv 1107.2885astro-ph.EP
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用Kepler和Transit时变方法探测低质量恒星周围的(可居住的)超地球

On the Detection of (Habitable) Super-Earths Around Low-Mass Stars Using Kepler and Transit Timing Variation Method

Nader Haghighipour, Sabrina Kirste

摘要:

利用凌日变时法对低质量冷恒星宜居带中地球大小的行星和超级地球的可探测性进行了广泛的研究。我们考虑了由恒星、凌日巨行星和类地扰动星组成的系统,并计算了系统参数不同值下的TTV。为了确定开普勒可以探测到这些变化的参数范围,我们考虑了福特等人(2011,ArXiv:1102.0544)的分析,并假设20秒的峰-峰变化将在该望远镜的光度灵敏度范围内。我们进行了模拟共振和非共振轨道,并确定了范围的半长轴和偏心率的过境和扰动机构的地球大小的行星或超级地球在宜居带的低质量恒星将产生这样的TTV。我们的模拟结果表明,在一般情况下,一阶和二阶共振附近的外微扰显示出更高的检测前景。只有在1:2和1:3平均运动共振附近,内部扰动才有可能被检测到。例如,对于一颗典型的M星,如果它的凌日行星的轨道在15到80天之间,那么在宜居带中的地球质量摄动就可以产生可探测的TTV。我们提出了我们的模拟的细节,并讨论了不同的低质量恒星周围的类地行星的检测结果的影响。

英文摘要:

We present the results of an extensive study of the detectability of Earth-sized planets and super-Earths in the habitable zones of cool and low-mass stars using transit timing variation method. We have considered a system consisting of a star, a transiting giant planet, and a terrestrial-class perturber, and calculated TTVs for different values of the parameters of the system. To identify ranges of the parameters for which these variations would be detectable by Kepler, we considered the analysis presented by Ford et al. (2011, ArXiv:1102.0544) and assumed that a peak-to-peak variation of 20 seconds would be within the range of the photometric sensitivity of this telescope. We carried out simulations for resonant and non-resonant orbits, and identified ranges of the semimajor axes and eccentricities of the transiting and perturbing bodies for which an Earth-sized planet or a super-Earth in the habitable zone of a low-mass star would produce such TTVs. Results of our simulations indicate that in general, outer perturbers near first- and second-order resonances show a higher prospect for detection. Inner perturbers are potentially detectable only when near 1:2 and 1:3 mean-motion resonances. For a typical M star with a Jupiter-mass transiting planet, for instance, an Earth-mass perturber in the habitable zone can produce detectable TTVs when the orbit of the transiting planet is between 15 and 80 days. We present the details of our simulations and discuss the implication of the results for the detection of terrestrial planets around different low-mass stars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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