锑掺杂氧化锡$(Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$的合成及结构/微结构特征
Synthesis and structural/microstructural characteristics of antimony doped tin oxide $(Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$
摘要：
采用固相反应法合成了x = 0.00，0.10，0.20，0.30的$(Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$的体相样品。采用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外-可见光谱（UV-Vis）对样品进行了表征。X射线衍射图表明，$(Sn_{1-x}$ $Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$的总结构/相不随锑（Sb）的取代而改变，直至x = 0.30。用SEM的表面形态学检查揭示了这样一个事实，即锑掺杂样品中的晶粒尺寸大于未掺杂样品的晶粒尺寸，因此晶粒之间的孔隙/空隙随着Sb浓度增加至0.30。未掺杂样品的TEM图像表明，$SnO_{2}$颗粒的直径范围为25 - 120 nm，大多数颗粒为立方体或球形。随着锑含量的增加，纳米立方体/球转化为微米立方体/球。对于360 - 800 nm波长范围，随着锑（Sb）浓度的增加，$Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ}$样品的反射率增加，而这些样品的吸光度降低。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱对Sb掺杂- $SnO_{2}$样品的能带结构进行了研究。当Sb浓度增加时，发现样品的带隙从3.367 eV增加到3.558 eV。
英文摘要：
Bulk samples of $(Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$ with x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30 are synthesized by solid-state reaction route. Samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The x-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the gross structure/phase of $(Sn_{1-x}$ $Sb_{x}O_{2-δ})$ do not change with the substitution of antimony (Sb) up to x = 0.30. The surface morphological examination with SEM revealed the fact that the grain size in the antimony doped sample is larger than that of undoped one and hence pores/voids between the grains increase with Sb concentration up to 0.30. TEM image of undoped sample indicates that the $SnO_{2}$ grains have diameters ranging from 25 to 120 nm and most grains are in cubic or spherical shape. As antimony content increases, the nanocubes/spheres are converted into microcubes/spheres. The reflectance of $Sn_{1-x}Sb_{x}O_{2-δ}$ samples increases whereas absorbance of these samples decreases with the increased concentration of antimony (Sb) for the wavelength range 360 - 800 nm. The energy bandgap of Sb doped - $SnO_{2}$ samples were obtained from optical absorption spectra by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Upon increasing the Sb concentration the bandgap of the samples was found to increase from 3.367 eV to 3.558 eV.
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