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arXiv 1107.1602hep-thgr-qc
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Weyl不变标准模型及其对称破缺

Weyl Invariant Standard Model and its Symmetry Breaking

Wolfgang Drechsler

摘要:

在Weyl空间$W_4$中建立了一个标准模型,给出了轻子和夸克的无质量手征Dirac费米子场的Weyl协变动力学以及D(1)\,(Weyl),$U(1)_Y{\times} SU(2)_W$ \,(电弱),$SU(3)_c$ \,(色),SO(3,1)\,(引力)和SO(4,1)\,(强相互作用,对称破缺)群的规范场.动力学是基于规范和Weyl不变拉格朗日密度${\cal L}$。引力从一开始就作为洛伦兹群的规范方面被包括在内,洛伦兹群在这里在模型的强子部分扩展到十参数SO(4,1)de Sitter群。动力学的一部分是,像往常一样,标量同位旋量场$ϕ$是一个与电弱规范群和对称性破缺有关的丛的一部分。与轻子侧的$ϕ$平行,强子侧的部分$\tildeξ^a$被认为是动力学的一部分,支配对称破缺$SO(4,1)\longrightarrow SO(3,1)$和在强相互作用持续存在的时空区域之外的对称破缺极限中恢复引力。除了自旋、同位旋和螺旋度外,外尔重量还决定了${\cal L}$中场的贡献形式。特别令人感兴趣的是,外尔重量允许夸克场的电流-电流自相互作用的出现改变了关于夸克质量的争论。在第二步中,D(1)-Weyl对称性被明确破缺,并通过出现在对称破缺拉格朗日${\cal L}_B$中的$ϕ$ -场的质量建立了一个普遍的质量尺度。外尔对称破缺由关系式$D_μΦ^2{=}0$控制,其中$Φ$是$ϕ$的范数。在D(1)对称性破缺之后,弱玻色子和电子的质量通过$ϕ$场的能量-动量张量出现。

英文摘要:

A standard model is formulated in a Weyl space, $W_4$, yielding a Weyl covariant dynamics of massless chiral Dirac fermion fields for leptons and quarks as well as the gauge fields involved for the groups D(1)\,(Weyl), $U(1)_Y{\times} SU(2)_W$\,(electroweak), $SU(3)_c$\,(colour), SO(3,1)\,(gravity) and SO(4,1)\,(strong interaction, symmetry breaking). The dynamics is based on a gauge and Weyl invariant Lagrangean density ${\cal L}$. Gravitation is included from the beginning as the gauge aspect of the Lorentz group which is here extended in the hadronic sector of the model to the ten parameter SO(4,1) de Sitter group. A part of the dynamics is, as usual, a scalar isospinor field $ϕ$ being a section on a bundle related to the electroweak gauge group and to symmetry breaking. In parallel to $ϕ$ on the leptonic side a section $\tildeξ^a$ on the hadronic side is considered as part of the dynamics, governing the symmetry breaking $SO(4,1)\longrightarrow SO(3,1)$ and recovering gravitation in the symmetry breaking limit outside the regions in space-time where strong interactions persist. Besides spin, isospin and helicity the Weyl weights determine the form of the contributions of fields in ${\cal L}$. Of particular interest is the appearance of a current-current self-interaction of quark fields allowed by the Weyl weight changing the debate about quark masses. In a second step the D(1)-Weyl symmetry is explicitly broken and a universal mass scale is established through the mass of the $ϕ$-field appearing in the symmetry breaking Lagrangean ${\cal L}_B$. The Weyl symmetry breaking is governed by the relation $D_μΦ^2{=}0$, where $Φ$ is the norm of $ϕ$. After D(1) symmetry breaking the masses of the weak bosons and of the electron appear on the scene through the energy-momentum tensor of the $ϕ$-field.

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