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arXiv 1107.0860astro-ph.HE
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具有整体康普顿冷却的热吸积流的广义相对论模型

General-relativistic model of hot accretion flows with global Compton cooling

A. Niedzwiecki, F. -G. Xie, A. A. Zdziarski

摘要:

我们提出了一个模型的光学薄,两个温度,吸积流使用一个精确的Monte Carlo处理的全球康普顿化,种子光子从同步辐射和韧致辐射发射,以及一个完全广义相对论的辐射和流体动力学过程的描述。我们考虑吸积率的流量的光度之间的~0.001和0.01的爱丁顿光度。黑洞的自旋参数强烈地影响着最内侧10个引力半径内的流结构。然而,在非旋转和快速旋转的黑洞模型中,库仑加热之间的巨大差异被压缩功的强大贡献所抵消,对自旋的依赖性要小得多。在较小的吸积率下,与黑自旋值相关的效应随之减少更为显著。对于一个非旋转的黑洞,压缩加热的电子占主导地位的库仑加热,并导致在一个近似恒定的辐射效率约0.4%,在所考虑的范围内的光度。对于一个快速旋转的黑洞,库仑加热占主导地位,辐射效率为~ 1%,它略有增加(但不显着比估计在一些以前的作品)随着吸积率的增加。我们发现我们的模型之间的协议,其中同步辐射是种子光子的主要来源,和观测的黑洞双星在其硬态和AGN在低光度。特别是,我们的模型预测硬化的X射线光谱的光度增加,确实观察到的爱丁顿光度低于0.01的黑洞双星和活动星系核。此外,我们的模型近似地再现了亮度和X射线发射的斜率在Cen A。

英文摘要:

We present a model of optically thin, two-temperature, accretion flows using an exact Monte Carlo treatment of global Comptonization, with seed photons from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung emission, as well as with a fully general relativistic description of both the radiative and hydrodynamic processes. We consider accretion rates for which the luminosities of the flows are between ~0.001 and 0.01 of the Eddington luminosity. The black hole spin parameter strongly affects the flow structure within the innermost 10 gravitational radii. The resulting large difference between the Coulomb heating in models with a non-rotating and a rapidly rotating black hole is, however, outweighed by a strong contribution of compression work, much less dependent on spin. The consequent reduction of effects related to the value of the black spin is more significant at smaller accretion rates. For a non-rotating black hole, the compressive heating of electrons dominates over their Coulomb heating, and results in an approximately constant radiative efficiency of approximately 0.4 per cent in the considered range of luminosities. For a rapidly rotating black hole, the Coulomb heating dominates, the radiative efficiency is ~1 per cent and it slightly increases (but less significantly than estimated in some previous works) with increasing accretion rate. We find an agreement between our model, in which the synchrotron emission is the main source of seed photons, and observations of black-hole binaries in their hard states and AGNs at low luminosities. In particular, our model predicts a hardening of the X-ray spectrum with increasing luminosity, as indeed observed below ~0.01 of the Eddington luminosity in both black-hole binaries and AGNs. Also, our model approximately reproduces the luminosity and the slope of the X-ray emission in Cen A.

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