Interstellar Dust颗粒在日球顶附近的带电
Charging of Interstellar Dust Grains Near the Heliopause
摘要：
在假设星际尘埃颗粒为均匀球体的基础上，研究了太阳风顶附近磁场中星际尘埃颗粒的偏转。然而，远程观测表明，星际颗粒更可能是大量亚基的复合物。这在解释通过原位测量获得的数据时具有深远的意义，因为星际颗粒的偏转取决于它们的荷质比，并且聚集体由于其复杂的结构而获得与球体不同的表面电荷。本文研究了日球顶附近聚集体的充电，包括等离子体充电和次级电子发射。结果表明，聚集体的荷质比一般高于球形，由纳米颗粒组成的聚集体的次级电子发射的小颗粒效应明显.提出了一种利用骨料的结构特征来估算骨料的新方法。利用荷质比计算了太阳风顶附近星际尘埃的质量分布，结果表明，计算结果与地球物理观测数据基本一致。
英文摘要：
The deflection of interstellar dust grains in the magnetic field near the heliopause has been investigated based on the assumption that interstellar grains are homogeneous spheres. However, remote observations have shown that interstellar grains are more likely to be composites of a large number of subunits. This has profound significance when interpreting data obtained through in-situ measurements, for the deflection of interstellar grains depends on their charge-to-mass ratio, and aggregates acquire different surface charges from spheres due to their complex structure. In this paper, the charging of aggregates near the heliopause is examined including both plasma charging and secondary electron emission. The results show that aggregates generally have a higher charge-to-mass ratio than spheres, and the small particle effect from secondary electron emission is evident for aggregates consisting of nano-sized particles. A new approach to estimate the aggregate charge with the aid of its structural characteristics is presented. The charge-to-mass ratio is used to derive the mass distribution of interstellar dust near the heliopause, and the result shows an overall agreement with Ulysses data.
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