微观均匀玻璃中拉伸指数弛豫的分岔
Bifurcation of Stretched Exponential Relaxation in Microscopically Homogeneous Glasses
摘要：
与拉伸指数弛豫（SER）相关的测量指数在显微镜下不均匀的玻璃中广泛分散，但在各种各样的显微镜下均匀的玻璃中准确地分叉成两个“魔术”值，3/5和3/7。这些分叉值在此从统计乘积模型导出，所述统计乘积模型涉及仅在短程力或短程力和长程力的组合的存在下将激发扩散到原生陷阱。分叉SER可用于监测样品均匀性。它解释了广泛的实验数据，甚至包括20世纪科学引文分布的多个方面，涉及2500万篇论文和6亿次引用，以及为什么这些在1960年发生了根本性的变化。它还表明，国家人口规模的分布具有紧凑的玻璃状特征，并受到移民的强烈影响。
英文摘要：
Measured exponents associated with Stretched Exponential Relaxation (SER) are widely scattered in microscopically inhomogeneous glasses, but accurately bifurcate into two "magic" values, 3/5 and 3/7, in a wide variety of microscopically homogeneous glasses. These bifurcated values are derived here from a statistical product model that involves diffusion of excitations to native traps in the presence of short-range forces only, or combined short- and long- range forces, respectively. Bifurcated SER can be used to monitor sample homogeneity. It explains a wide range of experimental data, and even includes multiple aspects of the citation distributions of 20th century science, involving 25 million papers and 600 million citations, and why these changed radically in 1960. It also shows that the distribution of country population sizes has compacted glassy character, and is strongly influenced by migration.
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