This paper presents a spectra normalization method for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements by converting the recorded characteristic line intensity at varying conditions to the intensity under a standard condition with standard plasma temperature, degree of ionization, and total number density of the interested species to reduce the measurement uncertainty. The characteristic line intensities of the interested species are first converted to the intensity at a fixed temperature and standard degree of ionization but varying total number density for each laser pulse analysis. Under this state, if the influence of the variation of plasma morphology is neglected, the sum of multiple spectral line intensities for the measured element can be regarded proportional to the total number density of the specific element, and the fluctuation of the total number density, or the variation of ablation mass, was compensated for by the application of this relationship. In the experiments with 29 brass alloy samples, the application of this method to determine Cu concentration shows a significant improvement over generally applied normalization method for measurement precision and accuracy. The average RSD value, average value of the error bar, R2, RMSEP, and average value of the maximum relative error were: 5.29%, 0.68%, 0.98, 2.72%, 16.97%, respectively, while the above parameter values for normalization with the whole spectrum area were: 8.61%, 1.37%, 0.95, 3.28%, 29.19%, respectively.
Extreme plasma states in laser-governed vacuum breakdown
在即将到来的激光设施中触发真空击穿可以为实验室天体物理学和基础物理学的研究提供快速的电子-正电子对产生。然而，当等离子体变得不透明时，出现的等离子体的密度似乎应该在相对论临界密度处停止上升。在这里，我们确定的机会，打破这一限制，使用最佳的光束配置的拍瓦级激光器。紧密聚焦的激光场允许在远小于$λ^3$的小聚焦体积中产生等离子体，并且在密度和产生的电流方面产生极端的等离子体状态。这些态可以作为非线性等离子体物理研究的新对象。使用3D QED-PIC模拟，我们证明了达到超过$10^{25}$ cm $^{-3}$的密度的可能性，这是一个数量级高于以前的预期。通过初始目标参数控制过程，使人们有机会在即将到来的激光设施中达到所发现的等离子体状态。
Monitoring of nanoplasmonics-assisted deuterium production in a polymer seeded with resonant Au nanorods using in situ femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Bulk measurement of copper and sodium content in CuIn(0.7)Ga(0.3)Se(2) (CIGS) solar cells with nanosecond pulse length laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
Compressed Ultrafast Photography of Plasmas Formed from Laser Breakdown of Dense Gases Reveals that Internal Processes Dominate Evolution at Early Times
Internal surface plasmon excitation as the root cause of laser-induced periodic plasma structure and self-organized nanograting formation in the volume of transparent dielectric
Signatures of rare-earth elements in mineralogical form using laser-ablation dual-comb spectroscopy
University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学量子物质研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学物理与天文学系）；Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学怀雅特光学科学学院）；Department of Physics, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学物理系）
