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arXiv 1105.6296gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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真空态的宇宙学常数与洛伦兹不变性

The Cosmological Constant and Lorentz Invariance of the Vacuum State

Jurjen F. Koksma, Tomislav Prokopec

摘要:

解决宇宙学常数问题的一个希望是确定一个对称性原理,基于该原理,宇宙学常数可以被减少到零,或一个微小的值。这里,我们注意到,要求真空态是洛伦兹不变量显著降低了真空能量密度的理论值。因此,这也减少了宇宙学常数的观测值与其理论期望值之间的差异,从123个数量级下降到56个数量级。我们发现,在一个循环水平,无质量粒子不产生任何贡献的宇宙学常数。洛仑兹对称性的另一个重要结果是引力等级的稳定性:宇宙学常数(除以牛顿常数)并不以重整化群尺度的四次幂的形式运行,而只是以几何的形式运行。

英文摘要:

One hope to solve the cosmological constant problem is to identify a symmetry principle, based on which the cosmological constant can be reduced either to zero, or to a tiny value. Here, we note that requiring that the vacuum state is Lorentz invariant significantly reduces the theoretical value of the vacuum energy density. Hence, this also reduces the discrepancy between the observed value of the cosmological constant and its theoretical expectation, down from 123 orders of magnitude to 56 orders of magnitude. We find that, at one loop level, massless particles do not yield any contribution to the cosmological constant. Another important consequence of Lorentz symmetry is stabilization of the gravitational hierarchy: the cosmological constant (divided by Newton's constant) does not run as the quartic power of the renormalization group scale, but instead only logarithmically.

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