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arXiv 1105.0959astro-ph.IM
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改进型宽视场红外巡天望远镜(WFIRST)的科学产出

Science Yield of an Improved Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST)

Michael E. Levi, Alex G. Kim, Michael L. Lampton, Michael J. Sholl

摘要:

天文学和天体物理学十年巡天最高推荐的太空任务是一个宽视场红外巡天望远镜(WFIRST),以有效地进行三种研究:暗能量巡天、系外行星巡天和访客巡天。在本文中,我们说明了四个潜在的WFIRST有效载荷,实现这些目标,并充分利用光学和技术的进步,因为社会投入的十年调查。这些改进,由我们的小组开发,是:无遮挡的1.3或1.5米光圈;同时双焦距提供0.18”的成像和0.38”或0.45”的无缝光谱像素尺度;使用棱镜会聚光无缝光谱;和有效载荷功能,允许长达270天/年观察银河系隆起。这些因素结合起来,使WFIRST有效载荷提供了改进的调查率相比,以前的任务概念。在这份报告中,我们使用我们以前为JDEM开发的光学和测量时间工具对恒定测量深度的测量速度进行直接比较。我们进一步比较这四个替代WFIRST配置JDEM欧米茄和欧洲航天局的欧几里得任务,并利用这里学到的经验教训,提供性能接近WFIRST的替代欧几里得配置。我们发现,通畅的瞳孔是一个主要的好处,弱透镜,由于其更紧密的点扩散函数,改善信号噪声,和更高的解决星系计数。在全聚焦系统中同时使用两个板标尺是实用的,并且简化了光学训练,并且与棱镜相比,在会聚光中使用棱镜提供了改进的吞吐量。我们发现,45度的外挡板截止角,结合全关节太阳能电池板和K波段天线,大大增加了系外行星的产量。在第217届AAS会议上发表。

英文摘要:

The Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey's highest recommended space mission was a Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) to efficiently conduct three kinds of studies: dark energy surveys, exoplanet surveys, and guest surveys. In this paper we illustrate four potential WFIRST payloads that accomplish these objectives and that fully utilize optical and technical advances made since the community input to the Decadal Survey. These improvements, developed by our group, are: unobscured 1.3 or 1.5 m apertures; simultaneous dual focal lengths delivering pixel scales of 0.18" for imaging and 0.38" or 0.45" for slitless spectroscopy; the use of a prism in converging light for slitless spectroscopy; and payload features that allow up to 270 days/year observing the Galactic Bulge. These factors combine to allow WFIRST payloads that provide improved survey rates compared to previous mission concepts. In this report we perform direct comparisons of survey speeds for constant survey depth using our optical and exposure-time tools previously developed for JDEM. We further compare these four alternative WFIRST configurations to JDEM-Omega and to the European Space Agency's Euclid mission, and to an alternative Euclid configuration making use of the lessons learned here that delivers performance approaching that of WFIRST. We find that the unobstructed pupil is a major benefit to weak lensing owing to its tighter point spread function, improved signal to noise, and higher resolved galaxy count. Using two simultaneous plate scales in a fully focal system is practical and simplifies the optical train, and the use of a prism in converging light offers improved throughput compared to a grism. We find that a 45 degree outer baffle cutoff angle, combined with fully articulated solar panels and K-band antenna, substantially increase the exoplanet yield. Presented at the 217th AAS conference.

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