模块化最大化和树聚类：确定有效地理边界的新方法
Modularity maximization and tree clustering: Novel ways to determine effective geographic borders
摘要：
领土划分和地理边界对于理解社会学、政治学、历史学和经济学中的现象至关重要。它们影响到区域间的信息流动和跨界贸易，并影响到创新和技术的传播。然而，大多数现有的行政边界是由各种历史和政治情况以及某种程度的任意性决定的。社会发生了巨大变化，目前存在的边界是否反映了最合乎逻辑的划分令人怀疑。幸运的是，在历史的这一点上，我们能够通过人类流动来实际衡量社会地理结构的某些方面。诸如火车和航空公司之类的大规模交通系统提供关于在地理位置之间旅行的人数的数据，并且正在发现许多有前途的人类流动代理，诸如手机、钞票和各种在线社交网络。在本章中，我们将两种优化技术应用于人类流动代理（钞票流通），以调查从人类流动的直接分析中出现的有效地理边界。
英文摘要：
Territorial subdivisions and geographic borders are essential for understanding phenomena in sociology, political science, history, and economics. They influence the interregional flow of information and cross-border trade and affect the diffusion of innovation and technology. However, most existing administrative borders were determined by a variety of historic and political circumstances along with some degree of arbitrariness. Societies have changed drastically, and it is doubtful that currently existing borders reflect the most logical divisions. Fortunately, at this point in history we are in a position to actually measure some aspects of the geographic structure of society through human mobility. Large-scale transportation systems such as trains and airlines provide data about the number of people traveling between geographic locations, and many promising human mobility proxies are being discovered, such as cell phones, bank notes, and various online social networks. In this chapter we apply two optimization techniques to a human mobility proxy (bank note circulation) to investigate the effective geographic borders that emerge from a direct analysis of human mobility.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
