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arXiv 1104.0962cond-mat.quant-gasnlin.PSphysics.optics
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细长几何中的带隙孤子:一维Gross-Pitaevskii方程及其以外

Gap solitons in elongated geometries: the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation and beyond

A. Muñoz Mateo, V. Delgado, Boris A. Malomed

摘要:

本文系统地研究了三维自排斥玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)中的物质-波隙孤子(GS)在雪茄形势阱和轴向光格势(OL)作用下的特性.被认为是强,中间,和弱的径向(横向)限制的基本情况下,以及浅和深OL电位的设置。只有在浅晶格结合紧密的径向约束的情况下,这实际上与现实的实验条件几乎没有关系,通常的一维(1D)立方Gross-Pitaevskii方程(GPE)提供了一个足够准确的描述GS。然而,在参考文献[Phys.Rev.A \textbf{77},013617(2008)]中导出的具有非多项式非线性的有效1D方程在所有情况下为GS提供了相当精确的近似,包括具有弱横向限制的情况,当孤子的形状包括来自高阶横向模式的相当大的贡献时,除了相应谐振子的通常基态波函数之外。基本的GS和他们的多峰束缚态被认为是。通过系统仿真分析了系统的稳定性。结果表明,几乎所有的基本GS是稳定的,而它们的束缚态可能是稳定的,如果潜在的OL势足够深。

英文摘要:

We report results of a systematic analysis of matter-wave gap solitons (GSs) in three-dimensional self-repulsive Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) loaded into a combination of a cigar-shaped trap and axial optical-lattice (OL) potential. Basic cases of the strong, intermediate, and weak radial (transverse) confinement are considered, as well as settings with shallow and deep OL potentials. Only in the case of the shallow lattice combined with tight radial confinement, which actually has little relevance to realistic experimental conditions, does the usual one-dimensional (1D) cubic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) furnish a sufficiently accurate description of GSs. However, the effective 1D equation with the nonpolynomial nonlinearity, derived in Ref. [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{77}, 013617 (2008)], provides for quite an accurate approximation for the GSs in all cases, including the situation with weak transverse confinement, when the soliton's shape includes a considerable contribution from higher-order transverse modes, in addition to the usual ground-state wave function of the respective harmonic oscillator. Both fundamental GSs and their multipeak bound states are considered. The stability is analyzed by means of systematic simulations. It is concluded that almost all the fundamental GSs are stable, while their bound states may be stable if the underlying OL potential is deep enough.

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