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arXiv 1102.1612quant-phcs.DMcs.FLmath-phmath.MP
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物理丘奇-图灵命题与量子理论原理

The physical Church-Turing thesis and the principles of quantum theory

Pablo Arrighi, Gilles Dowek

摘要:

众所周知,量子计算粉碎了复杂性理论,但对可计算性理论无害。然而,有几项研究已经表明,量子理论可以突破物理学上的丘奇-图灵命题。我们以一种受甘迪启发的方式,对何时出现这种情况划清了界限。甘迪阐述了有关物理学的假设,例如空间和时间的同质性、信息的有界密度和速度--并证明物理丘奇-图灵命题是这些假设的结果。我们提供了一个量子版本的定理。因此,这种方法表现出理论物理对称性和可计算性假设之间的正式的非平凡的相互作用。

英文摘要:

Notoriously, quantum computation shatters complexity theory, but is innocuous to computability theory. Yet several works have shown how quantum theory as it stands could breach the physical Church-Turing thesis. We draw a clear line as to when this is the case, in a way that is inspired by Gandy. Gandy formulates postulates about physics, such as homogeneity of space and time, bounded density and velocity of information --- and proves that the physical Church-Turing thesis is a consequence of these postulates. We provide a quantum version of the theorem. Thus this approach exhibits a formal non-trivial interplay between theoretical physics symmetries and computability assumptions.

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