Simple Moufang loops and alternative algebras

The commutative Moufang loops with maximum conditions for subloops

It is proved that the maximum condition for subloops in a commutative Moufang loop $Q$ is equivalent with the conditions of finite generating of different subloops of the loop $Q$ and different subgroups of the multiplication group of the loop $Q$. An analogue equivalence is set for the commutative Moufang $ZA$-loops.

Radicals and embeddings of Moufang loops in alternative loop algebras

The paper defines the notion of alternative loop algebra F[Q] for any nonassociative Moufang loop Q as being any non-zero homomorphic image of the loop algebra FQ of a loop Q over a field F. For the class M of all nonassociative alternative loop algebras F[Q] and for the class L of all nonassociative Moufang loops Q are defined the radicals R and S, respectively. Moreover, for classes M, L is proved an analogue of Wedderburn Theorem for finite dimensional associative algebras. It is also proved that any Moufang loop Q from the radical class R can be embedded into the loop of invertible element…

On Malcev algebras nilpotent by Lie center and corresponding analytic Moufang loops

In this note we describe the structure of finite dimensional Malcev algebras over a field of real numbers $\mathbb{R}$, which are nilpotent module its Lie center. It is proved that the corresponding analytic global Moufang loops are nilpotent module their nucleus.

The classification on simple Moufang loops

Let $C(F)$ be a matrix Cayley-Dickson algebra over field $F$. By $M_0(F)$ we denote the loop containing of all elements of algebra $C(F)$ with norm 1. It is shown in this paper that with precision till isomorphism the loops $M_0(F)/<-1>$ they and only they are simple non-associative Moufang loops, where $F$ are subfields of algebraic closed field

About the embedding of Moufang loops in alternative algebras II

It is known that with precision till isomorphism that only and only loops $M(F) = M_0(F)/<-1>$, where $M_0(F)$ denotes the loop, consisting from elements of all matrix Cayley-Dickson algebra $C(F)$ with norm 1, and $F$ be a subfield of arbitrary fixed algebraically closed field, are simple non-associative Moufang loops. In this paper it is proved that the simple loops $M(F)$ they and only they are not embedded into a loops of invertible elements of any unitaly alternative algebras if $\text{char} F \neq 2$ and $F$ is closed under square root operation. For the remaining Moufang loops such an e…

The commutative Moufang loops with minimum conditions for subloops II

It is proved that the following conditions are equivalent for an infinite non-associative commutative Moufang loop $Q$: 1) $Q$ satisfies the minimum condition for subloops; 2) if the loop $Q$ contains a centrally solvable subloop of class $s$, then it satisfies the minimum condition for centrally solvable subloops of class $s$; 3) if the loop $Q$ contains a centrally nilpotent subloop of class $n$, then it satisfies the minimum condition for centrally nilpotent subloops of class $n$; 4) $Q$ satisfies the minimum condition for non-invatiant associative subloops. The structure of the commutative…

Inner ideals and structurable algebras: Moufang sets, triangles and hexagons

We construct Moufang sets, Moufang triangles and Moufang hexagons using inner ideals of Lie algebras obtained from structurable algebras via the Tits--Kantor--Koecher construction. The three different types of structurable algebras we use are, respectively: (1) structurable division algebras, (2) algebras $D \oplus D$ for some alternative division algebra $D$, equipped with the exchange involution, (3) matrix structurable algebras $M(J,1)$ for some cubic Jordan division algebra $J$. In each case, we also determine the root groups directly in terms of the structurable algebra.

Commutative Moufang loops and alternative algebras

We compute the orders of free commutative Moufand loops of exponent 3 with $n\leq 7$ free generators and find embeddings of such loops into a loop of invertible elements of the free commutative alternative algebra with identity $x^3=0$.

The commutative Moufang loops with minimum conditions for subloops I

The structure of the commutative Moufang loops (CML) with minimum condition for subloops is examined. In particular it is proved that such a CML $Q$ is a finite extension of a direct product of a finite number of the quasicyclic groups, lying in the centre of the CML $Q$. It is shown that the minimum conditions for subloops and for normal subloops are equivalent in a CML. Moreover, such CML also characterized by different conditions of finiteness of its multiplication groups.

On Frattini subloops and normalizers of commutative Moufang loops

Let $L$ be a commutative Moufang loop (CML) with multiplication group $\frak M$, and let $\frak F(L)$, $\frak F(\frak M)$ be the Frattini subgroup and Frattini subgroup of $L$ and $\frak M$ respectively. It is proved that $\frak F(L) = L$ if and only if $\frak F(\frak M) = \frak M$ and is described the structure of this CLM. Constructively it is defined the notion of normalizer for subloops in CML. Using this it is proved that if $\frak F(L) \neq L$ then $L$ satisfies the normalizer condition and that any divisible subgroup of $\frak M$ is an abelian group and serves as a direct factor for $\f…

A class of simple proper Bol loops

The existence of finite simple non-Moufang Bol loops was considered as one of the main open problems in the theory of loops and quasigroups. In this paper, we present a class of proper simple Bol loops. This class also contains finite and new infinite simple proper Bol loops.

一种获取Osborn环大实例的简单方法

A Simple Way of Getting Large Examples of Osborn Loops

本文提出通过非结合共轭封闭环与Moufang环的直积生成大的真Osborn环，给出边界约束并验证了直至阶2025的实例。

Cayley平面的一个极简且非交替的实现

A minimal and non-alternative realisation of the Cayley plane

本研究用更弱的非交替代数（para八元数和Okubo代数）简洁地定义了Cayley平面，并证明实数Okubo代数是最弱可定义紧致16维Moufang平面的代数结构。

BiHom-alternative, BiHom-Malcev and BiHom-Jordan algebras

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study BiHom-alternative algebras and BiHom-Malcev algebras. It is shown that BiHom-alternative algebras are BiHom-Malcev admissible and BiHom-Jordan admissible. Moreover, BiHom-type generalizations of some well known identities in alternative algebras, including the Moufang identities, are obtained.

Hom-Maltsev, Hom-alternative, and Hom-Jordan algebras

Hom-Maltsev(-admissible) algebras are defined, and it is shown that Hom-alternative algebras are Hom-Maltsev-admissible. With a new definition of a Hom-Jordan algebra, it is shown that Hom-alternative algebras are Hom-Jordan-admissible. Hom-type generalizations of some well-known identities in alternative algebras, including the Moufang identities, are obtained.

恰无限环与环代数

Just-Infinite Loops and Loop Algebras

本文研究拟群及其代数的恰无限性，证明代数恰无限蕴含拟群恰无限，利用Chein构造和广义Moufang双倍建立等价性，并构造满足强性质的例子，同时解释RA拟群的限制。

Zorn's matrices and finite index subloops

The Zorn's Algebra ZZ(R) has a multiplicative function called determinant with properties similar to the usual one. The set of elements in ZZ(R) with determinant 1 is a Moufang loop that we will denote by \GA. In our main result we prove that if R is a Dedekind algebraic number domain that contains an infinite order unit, each finite index subloop L, such that \GA has the weak Lagrange property relative to L, is congruence subloop. In addition, if R=\Z, then we present normal subloops of finite index in \GA that are not congruence subloops.

强右交错环与Bol环圈

Strongly right alternative rings and Bol loops

本文部分解决Goodaire的两个问题，证明有限强右交错环的单位集与拟正则元素集分别构成Bol环圈。

Formal multiplications, bialgebras of distributions and non-associative Lie theory

We describe the general non-associative version of Lie theory that relates unital formal multiplications (formal loops), Sabinin algebras and non-associative bialgebras. Starting with a formal multiplication we construct a non-associative bialgebra, namely, the bialgebra of distributions with the convolution product. Considering the primitive elements in this bialgebra gives a functor from formal loops to Sabinin algebras. We compare this functor to that of Mikheev and Sabinin and show that although the brackets given by both constructions coincide, the multioperator does not. We also show how…

A series of algebras generalizing the octonions and Hurwitz-Radon identity

We study non-associative twisted group algebras over $(\Z_2)^n$ with cubic twisting functions. We construct a series of algebras that extend the classical algebra of octonions in the same way as the Clifford algebras extend the algebra of quaternions. We study their properties, give several equivalent definitions and prove their uniqueness within some natural assumptions. We then prove a simplicity criterion. We present two applications of the constructed algebras and the developed technique. The first application is a simple explicit formula for the following famous square identity: $(a_1^2+.…

Cayley-Dickson代数的结构

Structure of the Cayley-Dickson algebras

本文研究了Cayley-Dickson代数的结构，揭示了非结合性与幂结合子代数的关系，并通过分层构造定义了八元数和sedenion的子代数。