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arXiv 1101.2673hep-phastro-ph.HE
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与能量有关的天体物理中微子味比与新物理效应的相互作用

Interplay of energy dependent astrophysical neutrino flavor ratios and new physics effects

Poonam Mehta, Walter Winter

摘要:

我们讨论了中微子望远镜中味比测量的重要性,例如通过测量μ子轨道与级联之间的比率,以提取天体物理中微子在从源到检测器的传播过程中遇到的新物理信号。检测到的风味比不仅携带以独特方式改变跃迁概率的特定新物理场景的能量信息,而且还携带来源处的能量依赖风味成分。在目前的工作中,我们讨论了这两个能量依赖效应的相互作用,并确定哪些新的物理方案可以区分从检测到的味道比作为一个函数的天体物理参数。我们使用最近开发的自洽中微子生产模型作为我们的玩具模型,以产生能量依赖的源味比,并讨论(不可见)中微子衰变和量子退相干作为具体的新物理的例子。此外,我们确定潜在的有趣的类的来源的希拉斯图的目的,新的物理搜索。我们发现,具有10^3高斯<= B <= 10^6高斯磁场的源,如活动星系核(AGN)核心,白矮星,或者可能是伽马射线暴,原则上,对于所考虑的新物理场景具有最好的辨别能力,而活动星系核喷流,通常表现为π介子束源,只能辨别新物理效应中的少数子情况。最佳参数区域在某种程度上取决于所考虑的新物理效应的类别。

英文摘要:

We discuss the importance of flavor ratio measurements in neutrino telescopes, such as by measuring the ratio between muon tracks to cascades, for the purpose of extracting new physics signals encountered by astrophysical neutrinos during propagation from the source to the detector. The detected flavor ratios not only carry the energy information of specific new physics scenarios which alter the transition probabilities in distinctive ways, but also the energy dependent flavor composition at the source. In the present work, we discuss the interplay of these two energy dependent effects and identify which new physics scenarios can be distinguished from the detected flavor ratios as a function of astrophysical parameters. We use a recently developed self-consistent neutrino production model as our toy model to generate energy dependent source flavor ratios and discuss (invisible) neutrino decay and quantum decoherence as specific new physics examples. Furthermore, we identify potentially interesting classes of sources on the Hillas plot for the purpose of new physics searches. We find that sources with substantial magnetic fields 10^3 Gauss <= B <= 10^6 Gauss, such as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) cores, white dwarfs, or maybe gamma-ray bursts, have, in principle, the best discrimination power for the considered new physics scenarios, whereas AGN jets, which typically perform as pion beam sources, can only discriminate few sub cases in the new physics effects. The optimal parameter region somewhat depends on the class of new physics effect considered.

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