低聚并苯的光电和激子性质：距离分离含时密度泛函理论的实质性改进
Optoelectronic and Excitonic Properties of Oligoacenes: Substantial Improvements from Range-Separated Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory
摘要：
采用含时密度泛函理论（TDDFT）中的区间分离方法研究了一系列线性并苯（从萘到并七苯）的光电和激子性质。在这些相当简单的系统中，众所周知的是，TDDFT方法使用传统的混合泛函令人惊讶地失败，在描述低的La和Lb价态，导致在大的，不断增长的错误的La状态和不正确的能量排序作为分子大小的函数。在这项工作中，我们证明了范围分离的形式主义在很大程度上消除了这两个错误，也提供了一个一致的描述激子在这些系统中的属性。我们进一步证明，重新优化的比例Hartree-Fock交换在传统的混合，以匹配基于波函数的基准计算仍然会产生严重的错误，和一个完整的100% Hartree-Fock范围分离是必不可少的同时描述的La和Lb过渡。通过对电子-空穴跃迁密度矩阵的分析，我们发现传统的杂化泛函过于偏离激子的位置，而低估了并苯体系的准粒子能隙。我们目前的研究结果强调的重要性，范围分离和渐近正确的贡献，在TDDFT交换调查光电和激子的性质，即使是这些简单的价激发。
英文摘要：
The optoelectronic and excitonic properties in a series of linear acenes (naphthalene up to heptacene) are investigated using range-separated methods within time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In these rather simple systems, it is well-known that TDDFT methods using conventional hybrid functionals surprisingly fail in describing the low-lying La and Lb valence states, resulting in large, growing errors for the La state and an incorrect energetic ordering as a function of molecular size. In this work, we demonstrate that the range-separated formalism largely eliminates both of these errors and also provides a consistent description of excitonic properties in these systems. We further demonstrate that re-optimizing the percentage of Hartree-Fock exchange in conventional hybrids to match wavefunction-based benchmark calculations still yields serious errors, and a full 100% Hartree-Fock range separation is essential for simultaneously describing both of the La and Lb transitions. Based on an analysis of electron-hole transition density matrices, we finally show that conventional hybrid functionals overdelocalize excitons and underestimate quasiparticle energy gaps in the acene systems. The results of our present study emphasize the importance of both a range-separated and asymptotically-correct contribution of exchange in TDDFT for investigating optoelectronic and excitonic properties, even for these simple valence excitations.
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