剪切在宇宙学平均中的作用II：大空洞、非空空洞和不同空洞的网络
On the role of shear in cosmological averaging II: large voids, non-empty voids and a network of different voids
摘要：
我们研究了剪切对宇宙学反作用的影响，在匹配的背景下，空洞和墙壁一起使用精确的非均匀Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi解决方案。推广JCAP 1010（2010）021，我们允许空隙的尺寸是任意的，并且空隙和壁的密度在0 < Omega_v < Omega_w < 1的范围内变化。我们导出了反反应的精确解析结果，并考虑了它的级数展开式，即空穴尺寸与视界尺寸之比r_0/t_0的幂。此外，我们推导出一个非常简单的拟合公式的反反应的误差小于1%的空洞的大小为r_0 = t_0。我们还构造了一个精确的解决方案，网络的空隙具有不同的大小和密度，导致一个非零的相对方差的膨胀率之间的空隙。虽然单个空穴-壁对的逆反应的首阶项为（r_0/t_0）^2阶，但网络中不同空穴之间的相对方差为（r_0/t_0）^4阶，因此对于观察到的尺寸的空穴来说非常小。此外，我们表明，即使是非常大的空隙，抑制的逆反应的数量级相对于通过处理的墙壁和空隙作为不相交的弗里德曼解决方案获得的估计。由于剪切的反作用的抑制是否只是所使用的精确模型的限制的结果，或一个通用的功能，必须解决更复杂的解决方案。
英文摘要：
We study the effect of shear on the cosmological backreaction in the context of matching voids and walls together using the exact inhomogeneous Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi solution. Generalizing JCAP 1010 (2010) 021, we allow the size of the voids to be arbitrary and the densities of the voids and walls to vary in the range 0 < Omega_v < Omega_w < 1. We derive the exact analytic result for the backreaction and consider its series expansion in powers of the ratio of the void size to the horizon size, r_0/t_0. In addition, we deduce a very simple fitting formula for the backreaction with error less than 1% for voids up to sizes r_0 = t_0. We also construct an exact solution for a network of voids with different sizes and densities, leading to a non-zero relative variance of the expansion rate between the voids. While the leading order term of the backreaction for a single void-wall pair is of order (r_0/t_0)^2, the relative variance between the different voids in the network is found to be of order (r_0/t_0)^4 and thus very small for voids of the observed size. Furthermore, we show that even for very large voids, the backreaction is suppressed by an order of magnitude relative to the estimate obtained by treating the walls and voids as disjoint Friedmann solutions. Whether the suppression of the backreaction due to the shear is just a consequence of the restrictions of the used exact models, or a generic feature, has to be addressed with more sophisticated solutions.
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