稀费米气体中的椭圆流和近理想流动性
Elliptic flow and nearly perfect fluidity in dilute Fermi gases
摘要：
在这篇文章中，我们总结了最近的进展，了解剪切粘度的强关联稀释费米气体。我们讨论了从动力学理论的预测，并显示如何使用最近的实验数据椭圆流这些预测可以进行测试。我们发现在高温制度$T\gg T_F$，其中$T_F$是量子简并效应变得重要的温度之间的理论和实验的协议。在低温区，$T\sim T_F$，对剪切粘度的最强约束来自集体模式阻尼的实验研究。这些实验表明$η/s\lsim 0.5\hbar/k_B$，其中$η$是剪切粘度，$s$是熵密度。
英文摘要：
In this contribution we summarize recent progress in understanding the shear viscosity of strongly correlated dilute Fermi gases. We discuss predictions from kinetic theory, and show how these predictions can be tested using recent experimental data on elliptic flow. We find agreement between theory and experiments in the high temperature regime $T\gg T_F$, where $T_F$ is the the temperature where quantum degeneracy effects become important. In the low temperature regime, $T\sim T_F$, the strongest constraints on the shear viscosity come from experimental studies of the damping of collective modes. These experiments indicate that $η/s\lsim 0.5\hbar/k_B$, where $η$ is the shear viscosity and $s$ is the entropy density.
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