The need to compute small con-eigenvalues and the associated con-eigenvectors of positive-definite Cauchy matrices naturally arises when constructing rational approximations with a (near) optimally small $L^{\infty}$ error. Specifically, given a rational function with $n$ poles in the unit disk, a rational approximation with $m\ll n$ poles in the unit disk may be obtained from the $m$th con-eigenvector of an $n\times n$ Cauchy matrix, where the associated con-eigenvalue $λ_{m}>0$ gives the approximation error in the $L^{\infty}$ norm. Unfortunately, standard algorithms do not accurately compute small con-eigenvalues (and the associated con-eigenvectors) and, in particular, yield few or no correct digits for con-eigenvalues smaller than the machine roundoff. We develop a fast and accurate algorithm for computing con-eigenvalues and con-eigenvectors of positive-definite Cauchy matrices, yielding even the tiniest con-eigenvalues with high relative accuracy. The algorithm computes the $m$th con-eigenvalue in $\mathcal{O}(m^{2}n)$ operations and, since the con-eigenvalues of positive-definite Cauchy matrices decay exponentially fast, we obtain (near) optimal rational approximations in $\mathcal{O}(n(\logδ^{-1})^{2})$ operations, where $δ$ is the approximation error in the $L^{\infty}$ norm. We derive error bounds demonstrating high relative accuracy of the computed con-eigenvalues and the high accuracy of the unit con-eigenvectors. We also provide examples of using the algorithm to compute (near) optimal rational approximations of functions with singularities and sharp transitions, where approximation errors close to machine precision are obtained. Finally, we present numerical tests on random (complex-valued) Cauchy matrices to show that the algorithm computes all the con-eigenvalues and con-eigenvectors with nearly full precision.
This paper presents a definition for local linearizations of rational matrices and studies their properties. This definition allows us to introduce matrix pencils associated to a rational matrix that preserve its structure of zeros and poles in subsets of any algebraically closed field and also at infinity. Moreover, such definition includes, as particular cases, other definitions that have been used previously in the literature. In this way, this new theory of local linearizations captures and explains rigorously the properties of all the different pencils that have been used from the 1970's …
We consider a minimal realization of a rational matrix functions. We perturb the polynomial part and one of the constant matrices from the realization part. We derive explicit computable expressions of backward errors of approximate eigenvalue of rational matrix function. We also determine minimal perturbations for which approximate eigenvalue are exact eigenvalue of the perturbed matrix rational functions.
This paper presents a method for computing eigenvalues and eigenvectors for some types of nonlinear eigenvalue problems. The main idea is to approximate the functions involved in the eigenvalue problem by rational functions and then apply a form of linearization. Eigenpairs of the expanded form of this linearization are not extracted directly. Instead, its structure is exploited to develop a scheme that allows to extract all eigenvalues in a certain region of the complex plane by solving an eigenvalue problem of much smaller dimension. Because of its simple implementation and the ability to wo…
This paper describes a set of rational filtering algorithms to compute a few eigenvalues (and associated eigenvectors) of non-Hermitian matrix pencils. Our interest lies in computing eigenvalues located inside a given disk, and the proposed algorithms approximate these eigenvalues and associated eigenvectors by harmonic Rayleigh-Ritz projections on subspaces built by computing range spaces of rational matrix functions through randomized range finders. These rational matrix functions are designed so that directions associated with non-sought eigenvalues are dampened to (approximately) zero. Var…
In this work we present a rational Krylov subspace method for solving real large-scale polynomial eigenvalue problems with T-even (that is, symmetric/skew-symmetric) structure. Our method is based on the Even-IRA algorithm. To preserve the structure, a sparse T-even linearization from the class of block minimal bases pencils is applied. Due to this linearization, the Krylov basis vectors can be computed in a cheap way. A rational decomposition is derived so that our method explicitly allows for changes of the shift during the iteration. This leads to a method that is able to compute parts of t…
The problem of computing recurrence coefficients of sequences of rational functions orthogonal with respect to a discrete inner product is formulated as an inverse eigenvalue problem for a pencil of Hessenberg matrices. Two procedures are proposed to solve this inverse eigenvalue problem, via the rational Arnoldi iteration and via an updating procedure using unitary similarity transformations. The latter is shown to be numerically stable. This problem and both procedures are generalized by considering biorthogonal rational functions with respect to a bilinear form. This leads to an inverse eig…
Non-Linear Least-Squares Optimization of Rational Filters for the Solution of Interior Eigenvalue Problems
RWTH Aachen University（亚琛工业大学）；Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH（于利希超级计算中心，先进模拟研究所，于利希研究中心有限公司）
We first consider the problem of approximating a few eigenvalues of a rational matrix-valued function closest to a prescribed target. It is assumed that the proper rational part of the rational matrix-valued function is expressed in the transfer function form $H(s) = C (sI - A)^{-1} B$, where the middle factor is large, whereas the number of rows of $C$ and the number of columns of $B$ are equal and small. We propose a subspace framework that performs two-sided or one-sided projections on the state-space representation of $H(\cdot)$, commonly employed in model reduction and giving rise to a re…
We study the backward stability of running a backward stable eigenstructure solver on a pencil $S(λ)$ that is a strong linearization of a rational matrix $R(λ)$ expressed in the form $R(λ)=D(λ)+ C(λI_\ell-A)^{-1}B$, where $D(λ)$ is a polynomial matrix and $C(λI_\ell-A)^{-1}B$ is a minimal state-space realization. We consider the family of block Kronecker linearizations of $R(λ)$, which are highly structured pencils. Backward stable eigenstructure solvers applied to $S(λ)$ will compute the exact eigenstructure of a perturbed pencil $\widehat S(λ):=S(λ)+Δ_S(λ)$ and the special structure of $S(λ)…
Solving polynomial eigenvalue problems with eigenvector nonlinearities (PEPv) is an interesting computational challenge, outside the reach of the well-developed methods for nonlinear eigenvalue problems. We present a natural generalization of these methods which leads to a contour integration approach for computing all eigenvalues of a PEPv in a compact region of the complex plane. Our methods can be used to solve any suitably generic system of polynomial or rational function equations.
A selection of algorithms for the rational approximation of matrix-valued functions are discussed, including variants of the interpolatory AAA method, the RKFIT method based on approximate least squares fitting, vector fitting, and a method based on low-rank approximation of a block Loewner matrix. A new method, called the block-AAA algorithm, based on a generalized barycentric formula with matrix-valued weights is proposed. All algorithms are compared in terms of obtained approximation accuracy and runtime on a set of problems from model order reduction and nonlinear eigenvalue problems, incl…
The FEAST method for solving large sparse eigenproblems is equivalent to subspace iteration with an approximate spectral projector and implicit orthogonalization. This relation allows to characterize the convergence of this method in terms of the error of a certain rational approximant to an indicator function. We propose improved rational approximants leading to FEAST variants with faster convergence, in particular, when using rational approximants based on the work of Zolotarev. Numerical experiments demonstrate the possible computational savings especially for pencils whose eigenvalues are …
In recent years, contour-based eigensolvers have emerged as a standard approach for the solution of large and sparse eigenvalue problems. Building upon recent performance improvements through non-linear least square optimization of so-called rational filters, we introduce a systematic method to design these filters by minimizing the worst-case convergence ratio and eliminate the parametric dependence on weight functions. Further, we provide an efficient way to deal with the box-constraints which play a central role for the use of iterative linear solvers in contour-based eigensolvers. Indeed, …
Efficient estimation of eigenvalue counts in an interval
Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich（于利希超级计算中心，于利希研究中心）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst（马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校电气与计算机工程系）；Computer Science & Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities（明尼苏达大学双城分校计算机科学及工程学系）
Rational exponential integrators (REXI) are a class of numerical methods that are well suited for the time integration of linear partial differential equations with imaginary eigenvalues. Since these methods can be parallelized in time (in addition to the spatial parallelization that is commonly performed) they are well suited to exploit modern high performance computing systems. In this paper, we propose a novel REXI scheme that drastically improves accuracy and efficiency. The chosen approach will also allow us to easily determine how many terms are required in the approximation in order to …
