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arXiv 1012.2838cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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湿还是不湿?分散力打破了金属上水冰的平衡

To wet or not to wet? Dispersion forces tip the balance for water-ice on metals

Javier Carrasco, Biswajit Santra, Jiří Klimeš, Angelos Michaelides

摘要:

尽管有广泛的讨论,范德瓦尔斯分散力在润湿中的作用仍然不清楚。在这里,我们表明,非本地的相关性大大有助于水-金属键,这是一个重要的因素,在管理润湿层和3D散装冰的相对稳定性。由于基质金属原子的极化率更高,水和金属之间的非局部相关性超过了冰中水分子之间的相关性。这揭示了一个长期存在的问题,其中常见的密度泛函理论交换相关泛函错误地预测,没有一个低温实验表征的冰状润湿层是热稳定的。

英文摘要:

Despite widespread discussion, the role of van der Waals dispersion forces in wetting remains unclear. Here we show that non-local correlations contribute substantially to the water-metal bond and that this is an important factor in governing the relative stabilities of wetting layers and 3D bulk ice. Due to the greater polarizability of the substrate metal atoms, non-local correlations between water and the metal exceed those between water molecules within ice. This sheds light on a long-standing problem, wherein common density functional theory exchange-correlation functionals incorrectly predict that none of the low temperature experimentally characterized ice-like wetting layers are thermodynamically stable.

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