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arXiv 1012.0961astro-ph.SR
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红外暗云中的化学

Chemistry in Infrared Dark Clouds

T. Vasyunina, H. Linz, Th. Henning, I. Zinchenko, H. Beuther, M. Voronkov

摘要:

大质量恒星在塑造星系结构方面起着重要作用。红外暗云(IRDC),其低温和高密度,已被确定为大质量恒星的潜在诞生地。为了了解大质量恒星的形成过程,必须对红外暗云的物理和化学条件进行表征。本文的目的是研究南部红外暗云样品的化学组成。观测的一个重要方面是检查IRDC中的分子丰度是否与低质量的前星核相似,或者它们是否显示出更进化的进化阶段的特征。我们对15个IRDC在86和93 GHz之间的频率范围内使用22米Mopra射电望远镜进行观测。我们检测到HNC,HCO $^+$和HNC的发射在所有的云和N $_2$ H $^+$在所有的IRDC除了一个。在某些云层中,我们探测到一氧化硅的辐射。在所有IRDC中发现HCO $^+$发射线轮廓的复杂形状。这两个特征都表明存在着流入和流出运动,以及恒星形成活动的开始,至少在IRDC的某些部分。在可能的情况下,我们计算分子丰度,并与以前获得的低质量的前恒星核心和高质量的原恒星物体(HMPO)的值进行比较。我们显示出一种倾向,IRDC的分子丰度类似于低质量的恒星前的核心,而不是我们的单碟观测规模的HMPO丰度。

英文摘要:

Massive stars play an important role in shaping the structure of galaxies. Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), with their low temperatures and high densities, have been identified as the potential birthplaces of massive stars. In order to understand the formation processes of massive stars the physical and chemical conditions in infrared dark clouds have to be characterized. The goal of this paper is to investigate the chemical composition of a sample of southern infrared dark clouds. One important aspect of the observations is to check, if the molecular abuncances in IRDCs are similar to the low-mass pre-stellar cores, or whether they show signatures of more evolved evolutionary stages. We performed observations toward 15 IRDCs in the frequency range between 86 and 93 GHz using the 22-m Mopra radio telescope. We detect HNC, HCO$^+$ and HNC emission in all clouds and N$_2$H$^+$ in all IRDCs except one. In some clouds we detect SiO emission. Complicated shapes of the HCO$^+$ emission line profile are found in all IRDCs. Both signatures indicates the presence of infall and outflow motions and beginning of star formation activity, at least in some parts of the IRDCs. Where possible, we calculate molecular abundances and make a comparison with previously obtained values for low-mass pre-stellar cores and high-mass protostellar objects (HMPOs). We show a tendency for IRDCs to have molecular abundances similar to low-mass pre-stellar cores rather than to HMPOs abundances on the scale of our single-dish observations.

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