arXiv 1010.60172010-10hep-exastro-ph.HE

CMS（LHC）测量和异常Cosmic Ray事件

CMS (LHC) Measurements and Unusual Cosmic Ray Events

E. Norbeck, Y. Onel

备注：: Invited talk presented at the XVI International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions, ISVHECRI 2010, Batavia, IL, USA (28 June - 2 July 2010). 4 pages, 5 figures

摘要：

在大型强子对撞机上，实验室的能量第一次大到足以重现高能宇宙射线撞击大气层顶部时发生的那种反应。宇宙射线研究中感兴趣的反应产物是在小角度下产生的，即使是碰撞的光束。大型强子对撞机的大部分重点是用大角度的探测器研究罕见的过程。正是大角度的精确测量有望导致希格斯玻色子和超对称粒子的发现。CMS目前有两个小角度探测器，CASTOR和零度量热仪（ZDC）。CASTOR位于$0.7^{\circ}$至$0.08^{\circ}$，旨在研究VHE宇宙射线数据中观察到的“半人马座”和“长穿透”事件。作为一个通用的探测器，它还可以测量p-p碰撞的前向反应产物，为宇宙射线簇射代码提供输入。ZDC很小，9厘米。宽，在140 m的距离处的进束管和出束管之间。ZDC测量在相互作用点处遵循光束方向的中性物体。如果长穿透物体是旁观者，则如果它们的荷质比Z/A小于0.2，则可以在ZDC中看到它们。

英文摘要：

At the LHC, for the first time, laboratory energies are sufficiently large to reproduce the kind of reactions that occur when energetic cosmic rays strike the top of the atmosphere. The reaction products of interest for cosmic ray studies are produced at small angles, even with colliding beams. Most of the emphasis at the LHC is on rare processes that are studied with detectors at large angles. It is precision measurements at large angles that are expected to lead to discoveries of Higgs bosons and super symmetric particles. CMS currently has two small angle detectors, CASTOR and a Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC). CASTOR, at $0.7^{\circ}$ down to $0.08^{\circ}$, is designed to study "Centauro" and "long penetrating" events, observed in VHE cosmic-ray data. As a general purpose detector it also makes measurements of reaction products at forward angles from p-p collisions, which provide input for cosmic ray shower codes. The ZDC is small, 9 cm. wide, between the incoming and outgoing beam pipes out at a distance of 140 m. The ZDC measures neutral objects that follow the direction of the beam at the interaction point. If the long penetrating objects are spectators they could be seen in the ZDC if their charge to mass ratio, Z/A, is less than 0.2.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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