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arXiv 1010.5693hep-phastro-ph.CO
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宇宙中的额外辐射理论

A theory of extra radiation in the Universe

Kazunori Nakayama, Fuminobu Takahashi, Tsutomu T. Yanagida

摘要:

最近的宇宙学观测,如原始4 He丰度、CMB和大尺度结构的测量,都倾向于额外辐射成分Δ N_nu > 0.额外的辐射可能是由大爆炸核合成之前处于热平衡并去耦的粒子造成的。广义地说,有两种可能性:1)大约有10个粒子与标准模型粒子有很弱的耦合,并且在QCD相变之前解耦; 2)有一个或几个轻粒子与等离子体有相当强的耦合,并且在QCD相变之后解耦。对于后一种情况,我们发现轻手征费米子是一个合适的候选者,它避开了天体物理的限制。有趣的是,这种情况可能会在LHC得到证实。作为一个具体的例子,我们证明了这样一个轻费米子自然地出现在E_6启发的大统一理论中。

英文摘要:

Recent cosmological observations, such as the measurement of the primordial 4He abundance, CMB, and large scale structure, give preference to the existence of extra radiation component, Delta N_nu > 0. The extra radiation may be accounted for by particles which were in thermal equilibrium and decoupled before the big bang nucleosynthesis. Broadly speaking, there are two possibilities: 1) there are about 10 particles which have very weak couplings to the standard model particles and decoupled much before the QCD phase transition; 2) there is one or a few light particles with a reasonably strong coupling to the plasma and it decouples after the QCD phase transition. Focusing on the latter case, we find that a light chiral fermion is a suitable candidate, which evades astrophysical constraints. Interestingly, such a scenario may be confirmed at the LHC. As a concrete example, we show that such a light fermion naturally appears in the E_6-inspired GUT.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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