开放量子系统的动态量子化方法
The dynamical-quantization approach to open quantum systems
摘要：
基于开放量子系统的动力学量子化方法，我们可以导出相空间中的非马尔可夫Caldeira-Leggett量子主方程和非马尔可夫Smoluchowski量子主方程.一方面，我们求解了量子布朗粒子在引力场中的Caldeira-Leggett方程。另一方面，我们解决了我们的量子Smoluchowski方程的谐振子。在这两种物理情况下，我们提出了一个非平衡热量子力的存在。此外，作为我们的量子Smoluchowski方程的物理应用，我们采取的非惯性布朗粒子越过势垒的逃逸率的现象。关键词：量子布朗运动;非马尔可夫效应; Caldeira-Leggett量子主方程;量子Smoluchowski方程;量子隧穿
英文摘要：
On the basis of the dynamical-quantization approach to open quantum systems, we can derive a non-Markovian Caldeira-Leggett quantum master equation as well as a non-Markovian quantum Smoluchowski equation in phase space. On the one hand, we solve our Caldeira-Leggett equation for the case of a quantum Brownian particle in a gravitational field. On the other hand, we solve our quantum Smoluchowski equation for a harmonic oscillator. In both physical situations we come up with the existence of a non-equilibrium thermal quantum force. Further, as a physical application of our quantum Smoluchowski equation we take up the phenomenon of escape rate of a non-inertial Brownian particle over a potential barrier. Key-words: Quantum Brownian motion; Non-Markovian effects; Caldeira-Leggett quantum master equation; Quantum Smoluchowski equation; Quantum tunneling
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