一维粒子系统中的反常、局域平衡缺失和普适性
Anomalies, absence of local equilibrium and universality in 1-d particles systems
摘要：
从理论和实验的角度来看，一维系统正在进行深入的研究，因为它们具有相当独特的特性，这些特性具有概念和技术上的意义。我们分析的依赖一维，时间反演不变，非平衡系统的行为上的参数定义其微观动力学。特别是，我们考虑链的相同的振荡器通过硬核弹性碰撞和谐波电位，驱动边界Nosé-胡佛恒温器相互作用。它们的行为定性地反映了随机驱动系统的行为，表明异常性质是一维物理学的典型特征。混沌本身不会导致标准行为，因为它不能保证局部热力学平衡。发现密度涨落与温度分布之间存在线性关系。这种联系和主要观测量波动的时间不对称性对恒温器参数的修改和动态的扰动是鲁棒的。
英文摘要：
One dimensional systems are under intense investigation, both from theoretical and experimental points of view, since they have rather peculiar characteristics which are of both conceptual and technological interest. We analyze the dependence of the behaviour of one dimensional, time reversal invariant, nonequilibrium systems on the parameters defining their microscopic dynamics. In particular, we consider chains of identical oscillators interacting via hard core elastic collisions and harmonic potentials, driven by boundary Nosé-Hoover thermostats. Their behaviour mirrors qualitatively that of stochastically driven systems, showing that anomalous properties are typical of physics in one dimension. Chaos, by itslef, does not lead to standard behaviour, since it does not guarantee local thermodynamic equilibrium. A linear relation is found between density fluctuations and temperature profiles. This link and the temporal asymmetry of fluctuations of the main observables are robust against modifications of thermostat parameters and against perturbations of the dynamics.
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