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arXiv 1010.4374astro-ph.SR
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公共包络相互作用的α形式

On the alpha formalism for the common envelope interaction

Orsola De Marco, Jean-Claude Passy, Maxwell Moe, Falk Herwig, Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Bill Paxton

摘要:

α形式是一种常用的方法来参数化巨星和更紧凑的伴星之间的共同包络相互作用。α参数描述了伴星释放的轨道能量中,可以用来喷射巨星包层的部分。通过使用新的、详细的恒星演化计算,我们导出了一个用户友好的λ参数处方和一个改进的包络结合能近似,从而修正了α方程。然后,我们以自洽的方式从模拟和观测中确定α。通过使用我们自己的恒星结构模型以及人口的考虑,重建在共同的包络相互作用时的主要的参数,我们获得了更深入的了解的不确定性。我们发现,具有非常低的q值(在共同包络相互作用时伴星质量与主星质量的比值)的系统具有较高的α值。对数据的拟合表明,质量较低的伴星与质量较大的伴星的轨道间隔相当或更大。我们推测,质量较低的伴星需要比恒星动力学时间更长的时间才能螺旋进入巨星的核心,这是让巨星利用自己的热能帮助解开其外壳的关键。因此,虽然有轻伴星的系统可能没有足够的轨道能量来解开共同的包层,但它们可能会刺激恒星反应,导致共同的包层喷射。

英文摘要:

The α-formalism is a common way to parametrize the common envelope interaction between a giant star and a more compact companion. The α parameter describes the fraction of orbital energy released by the companion that is available to eject the giant star's envelope. By using new, detailed stellar evolutionary calculations we derive a user-friendly prescription for the λ parameter and an improved approximation for the envelope binding energy, thus revising the α equation. We then determine α both from simulations and observations in a self consistent manner. By using our own stellar structure models as well as population considerations to reconstruct the primary's parameters at the time of the common envelope interaction, we gain a deeper understanding of the uncertainties. We find that systems with very low values of q (the ratio of the companion's mass to the mass of the primary at the time of the common envelope interaction) have higher values of α. A fit to the data suggests that lower mass companions are left at comparable or larger orbital separations to more massive companions. We conjecture that lower mass companions take longer than a stellar dynamical time to spiral in to the giant's core, and that this is key to allowing the giant to use its own thermal energy to help unbind its envelope. As a result, although systems with light companions might not have enough orbital energy to unbind the common envelope, they might stimulate a stellar reaction that results in the common envelope ejection.

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