用光学方法测定地球大气中水汽含量的光度计校准综合实验室
The Laboratory Complex for the Calibration of Photometers Using the Optical Method for Determination of the Water Vapor Content in the Earth Atmosphere
摘要：
我们描述了实验室复杂的校准光度计，用于气象服务，以测量地球大气中的水蒸气含量。该综合体建于普尔科沃天文台，并在普尔科沃天文台和林登贝格气象台（德国林登贝格气象观测站-理查德-Aßmann-Observatorium）合作的框架内开发。它用于获得单个设备的校准依赖性，并开发和比较各种校准依赖性的构建方法。这些技术是基于直接校准的光度计，对水蒸气的光谱实验室传输功能的使用，对计算方法使用光谱数据库的个别线路。我们希望，当详细考虑设备的参数和使用新的水汽吸收能力的结果时，可以达到测定大气中1-2%的水汽含量的准确度。
英文摘要：
We describe the laboratory complex for the calibration of photometers that are used in weather service to measure the water vapor content in the Earth atmosphere. The complex was built up in Pulkovo Observatory and developed within the framework of collaboration between Pulkovo Observatory and Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory (Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg - Richard-Aßmann-Observatorium, Lindenberg, Germany). It is used to obtain calibration dependences for individual devices, and also to develop and compare various methods of construction of calibration dependences. These techniques are based on direct calibration of the photometers, on the use of spectral laboratory transmission functions for water vapor, on calculation methods using spectroscopical databases for individual lines. We hope that when the parameters of the equipment are taken into account in detail and new results for the absorptive power of water vapor are used, the accuracy of determination of the water vapor content in the atmosphere of 1-2% may be attained.
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