封闭湍流中相变的实验证据
Experimental evidence of a phase transition in a closed turbulent flow
摘要：
我们实验研究了从$Re = 150$到$Re \simeq 10^{6}$的封闭湍流vonKármán旋流对对称性破缺的敏感性。我们报告了在中间雷诺数$Re = Re_χ\simeq 90\,000$的这种磁化率的发散，这给出了实验证据，这样一个高度的空间和时间波动的系统可以进行“相变“。这种转变还与瞬时流动对称性的波动幅度的峰值相关联，该波动幅度对应于自发对称性破缺亚稳态之间的波动。
英文摘要：
We experimentally study the susceptibility to symmetry breaking of a closed turbulent von Kármán swirling flow from $Re = 150$ to $Re \simeq 10^{6}$. We report a divergence of this susceptibility at an intermediate Reynolds number $Re = Re_χ\simeq 90\,000$ which gives experimental evidence that such a highly space and time fluctuating system can undergo a "phase transition". This transition is furthermore associated with a peak in the amplitude of fluctuations of the instantaneous flow symmetry corresponding to intermittencies between spontaneously symmetry breaking metastable states.
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