双栅悬挂双层石墨烯中库仑驱动的对称破缺态
Coulomb-driven broken-symmetry states in doubly gated suspended bilayer graphene
摘要：
石墨烯及其双层对应物的非相互作用能谱由由于固有的自旋、谷和层对称性而导致的多重简并组成。预计载流子之间的相互作用会自发地打破这些对称性，导致带隙有序态。在量子霍尔制度中，这些状态被预测为铁磁性的性质，从而系统成为自旋极化，层极化或两者兼而有之。在双层石墨烯中，由于其抛物线色散，已经预期在零磁场下相互作用诱导的对称性破缺。在这项工作中，底层的各种对称性破缺状态的顺序进行了研究，在双层石墨烯是悬浮在顶部和底部的栅电极之间。通过可控地打破自旋和亚晶格对称性，我们能够推导出各种量子霍尔铁磁态的序参量。在小的载流子密度，我们确定了第一次三个不同的对称性破缺状态，其中之一是一致的自发破缺的时间反转对称性或自发破缺的旋转对称性。
英文摘要：
The non-interacting energy spectrum of graphene and its bilayer counterpart consists of multiple degeneracies owing to the inherent spin, valley and layer symmetries. Interactions among charge carriers are expected to spontaneously break these symmetries, leading to gapped ordered states. In the quantum Hall regime these states are predicted to be ferromagnetic in nature whereby the system becomes spin polarized, layer polarized or both. In bilayer graphene, due to its parabolic dispersion, interaction-induced symmetry breaking is already expected at zero magnetic field. In this work, the underlying order of the various broken-symmetry states is investigated in bilayer graphene that is suspended between top and bottom gate electrodes. By controllably breaking the spin and sublattice symmetries we are able to deduce the order parameter of the various quantum Hall ferromagnetic states. At small carrier densities, we identify for the first time three distinct broken symmetry states, one of which is consistent with either spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry or spontaneously broken rotational symmetry.
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