通过云计算使用按需虚拟集群进行放射治疗计算
Radiation therapy calculations using an on-demand virtual cluster via cloud computing
摘要：
计算机硬件成本是在方便的时间尺度上产生高度准确的辐射剂量计算的限制因素。因此，大规模、全蒙特卡罗模拟和其他资源密集型算法通常被认为不适用于临床环境。新兴的云计算范式有望通过在互联网上提供相对便宜的、按需的、按需付费的计算资源，从根本上改变这种计算的经济性。我们相信云计算将迎来一个新时代，在这个新时代，诊所和研究人员将使用基于云的资源进行常规的大规模计算。在这项研究中，在基于云的虚拟Monte Carlo集群上成功地进行了几次概念验证放射治疗计算。性能评价是专门为这个项目开发的分布式处理框架。观察到预期的1/n性能，但有一些警告。还讨论了基于云的虚拟计算集群与传统内部硬件的经济性。在大多数情况下，云计算可以为分布式计算提供大量的成本节约。
英文摘要：
Computer hardware costs are the limiting factor in producing highly accurate radiation dose calculations on convenient time scales. Because of this, large-scale, full Monte Carlo simulations and other resource intensive algorithms are often considered infeasible for clinical settings. The emerging cloud computing paradigm promises to fundamentally alter the economics of such calculations by providing relatively cheap, on-demand, pay-as-you-go computing resources over the Internet. We believe that cloud computing will usher in a new era, in which very large scale calculations will be routinely performed by clinics and researchers using cloud-based resources. In this research, several proof-of-concept radiation therapy calculations were successfully performed on a cloud-based virtual Monte Carlo cluster. Performance evaluations were made of a distributed processing framework developed specifically for this project. The expected 1/n performance was observed with some caveats. The economics of cloud-based virtual computing clusters versus traditional in-house hardware is also discussed. For most situations, cloud computing can provide a substantial cost savings for distributed calculations.
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