arXiv 1009.48442010-09cond-mat.quant-gas

独立玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体干涉衬度的全计数统计

Full counting statistics of the interference contrast from independent Bose-Einstein condensates

Steffen Patrick Rath, Wilhelm Zwerger

发表信息：: Phys. Rev. A 82, 053622 (2010)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.053622

摘要：

我们表明，在干涉实验中的可见度与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的凝聚分数直接相关。因此，在多次干涉实验中对比度的概率分布给出了凝聚原子数的完整计数统计。对于二维玻色气体，我们讨论了在超流制度的概率分布的普遍行为，并提供了均匀和谐波捕获样品的分布的解析表达式。它们是非高斯和单峰的，其方差与超流体密度直接相关。一般来说，可见度是一个自平均的观察只有在长距离相位相干的存在。在转变温度附近，可见度分布反映了临界点附近的普适序参量分布。

英文摘要：

We show that the visibility in interference experiments with Bose-Einstein condensates is directly related to the condensate fraction. The probability distribution of the contrast over many runs of an interference experiment thus gives the full counting statistics of the condensed atom number. For two-dimensional Bose gases, we discuss the universal behavior of the probability distribution in the superfluid regime and provide analytical expressions for the distributions for both homogeneous and harmonically trapped samples. They are non-Gaussian and unimodal with a variance that is directly related to the superfluid density. In general, the visibility is a self-averaging observable only in the presence of long range phase coherence. Close to the transition temperature, the visibility distribution reflects the universal order parameter distribution in the vicinity of the critical point.

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英文摘要：

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