薛定谔方程径向波函数的边界条件是什么？
What is the boundary condition for radial wave function of the Schrödinger equation ?
摘要：
在数学物理文献和量子力学教科书中有很多关于球对称势的讨论。然而，关于径向函数在原点的行为，特别是对于奇异势，还没有达成共识。仔细推导径向薛定谔方程，当拉普拉斯算子写在球坐标中时，会出现δ函数项。结果，不管势的行为如何，在径向波函数上以在原点处消失的边界条件的形式施加了附加约束。
英文摘要：
There is much discussion in the mathematical physics literature as well as in quantum mechanics textbooks on spherically symmetric potentials. Nevertheless, there is no consensus about the behavior of the radial function at the origin, particularly for singular potentials. A careful derivation of the radial Schrödinger equation leads to the appearance of a delta function term when the Laplace operator is written in spherical coordinates. As a result, regardless of the behavior of the potential, an additional constraint is imposed on the radial wave function in the form of a vanishing boundary condition at the origin.
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