A simple analytical solution for turbulent plane Couette flow is obtained from a subset of the Navier-Stokes equations. This approach analyses the effect of the unsteady state Lagrangian diffusion of viscous momentum on the smoothed phase velocity. Three initial velocity profiles at the start of a turbulent wall cycle are considered. The predictions adequate identify the existence of three layers usually observed in turbulent flow fields, in particular a viscosity dominated wall layer and a log-law layer. Experimental measurements of time-averaged velocity are also well correlated.
Key words: Couette flow, turbulent, attractors, analytical solution, Lagrangian partial derivative, time scale, initial conditions
Emulsions are common in many natural and industrial settings. Recently, much attention has been put on understanding the dynamics of turbulent emulsions. This paper reviews some recent studies of emulsions in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow, mainly focusing on the statistics of the dispersed phase and the global momentum transport of the system. We first study the size distribution and the breakup mechanism of the dispersed droplets for turbulent emulsions with a low volume-fraction (dilute) of the dispersed phase. For systems with a high volume-fraction of the dispersed phase (dense), we addres…
The Twente turbulent Taylor-Couette (T3C) facility: Strongly turbulent (multiphase) flow between two independently rotating cylinders
本文构造了一个新的湍流Taylor-Couette系统，它由两个独立旋转的圆柱体组成。圆柱体之间的间隙高度为0.927 m，内半径为0.200 m，外半径可变（从0.279 m到0.220 m）。内圆柱体和外圆柱体的最大角旋转速率分别为20 Hz和10 Hz，以水为工作流体时，雷诺数高达3.4 x 10^6。利用该泰勒-库埃特系统，参数空间（Re_i，Re_o，η）扩展到（2.0 x 10^6，{ \pm }1.4 x 10^6，0.716-0.909）。该系统配备了气泡喷射器，温度控制，皮肤摩擦阻力传感器，和几个本地传感器研究湍流单相和两相流。内圆筒测力传感器通过扭矩测量检测皮肤摩擦阻力。透明的丙烯酸外筒允许液体流动和分散相（气泡、颗粒、纤维等）的动力学。在间隙内部，使用专门的局部传感器和非侵入式光学成像技术进行研究。该系统允许在高雷诺数制度的泰勒-库埃特流的研究，和背后的皮肤摩擦阻力改变由于气泡注射，聚合物注射，和表面疏水性和粗糙度的机制。
In recent years, scale-by-scale energy transport in wall turbulence has been intensively studied, and the complex spatial and interscale transfer of turbulent energy has been investigated. As the enhancement of heat transfer is one of the most important aspects of turbulence from an engineering perspective, it is also important to study how turbulent heat fluxes are transported in space and in scale by nonlinear multi-scale interactions in wall turbulence as well as turbulent energy. In the present study, the spectral transport budgets of turbulent heat fluxes are investigated based on direct …
Nonlinear interaction between different scales in turbulence results in both interscale and spatial transport of turbulent energy, and the role of such scale interactions in turbulent heat transfer mechanism is also of practical importance from the engineering viewpoint. In the present study, we investigate a turbulent plane Couette flow with passive-scalar heat transfer at the Prandtl number 0.71, in order to address the similarity/difference between the scale interactions in the velocity and temperature fields. The constant-temperature-difference boundary condition is used so that the mean v…
Emulsions are omnipresent in the food industry, health care, and chemical synthesis. In this Letter the dynamics of meta-stable oil-water emulsions in highly turbulent ($10^{11}\leq\text{Ta}\leq 3\times 10^{13}$) Taylor--Couette flow, far from equilibrium, is investigated. By varying the oil-in-water void fraction, catastrophic phase inversion between oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions can be triggered, changing the morphology, including droplet sizes, and rheological properties of the mixture, dramatically. The manifestation of these different states is exemplified by combining global to…
In particle-laden turbulent flows the turbulence in carrier fluid phase gets affected by the dispersed particle phase for volume fraction above $10^{-4}$ and hence reverse coupling or two-way coupling becomes relevant in that volume fraction regime. In a recent study by Muramulla $et.al.^1$, a discontinuous decrease of turbulence intensity is observed in a vertical particle-laden turbulent channel-flow for a critical volume fraction O($10^{-3}$). The collapse of turbulent intensity is found out to be a result of catastrophic reduction of turbulent energy production rate. Mechanistically, parti…
Direct Numerical Simulation of turbulent Taylor-Couette flow
本文描述了完全湍流状态下Taylor-Couette流动的直接数值模拟（DNS）。数值方法扩展了Quadrio和Luchini（Eur. J. Mech. B / Fluids，v.21，pp.413--427，2002），并且基于使用混合空间离散化（均匀方向上的谱方案，以及径向方向上的四阶、紧凑显式有限差分方案）的并行计算机代码。本文首次用DNS方法模拟了湍流状态下的Taylor-Couette流动。统计量的计算，以补充现有的实验信息，以期比较它的平面，压力驱动的湍流在相同的雷诺数值。平面流和曲壁流之间的流量统计差异的主要来源是由于曲率效应产生的大规模旋转结构的存在。
On the dynamics of laminar-turbulent patterns in plane Couette flow
在较宽的雷诺数R范围内，平面Couette流动在低雷诺数R_t时的全局稳定基流剖面之间呈现规则的斜向层流流型<R_g and a uniformly turbulent regime at sufficiently large R>。数值模拟，我们已经进行了一个模式显示波长调制的松弛，该调制与人们所期望的标准方法在扩展的几何耗散结构方面，虽然结构发展的湍流背景。一些后果进行了讨论。
In this study we report numerical results of turbulent transport of heat $Nu$ and angular momentum $ν_{t}/ν$ in Taylor-Couette (TC) flows subjected to a radial temperature gradient. Direct numerical simulations are performed in a TC cell with a radius ratio $η=0.5$ and an aspect ratio $Γ=8$ for two Rayleigh numbers ($Ra=10^5$, $10^6$) and two Prandtl numbers ($Pr=0.7$, $4.38$), while the Reynolds number $Re$ varies in the range of $0 \le Re \le 15000$. With increasing $Re$, the flows undergo two distinct transitions: the first transition being from the convection-dominated regime to the transi…
Interscale energy transfer in wall turbulence has been intensively studied in recent years, and both the forward (i.e. from larger to smaller scales) and reversed transfers of turbulent energy have been found whereas their corresponding physical phenomena have not been revealed. In the present study, we perform DNS of turbulent plane Couette flow with reduced-size computational domains, where either the streamwise or spanwise domain size is reduced to their minimal lengths, aiming at elucidating the role of scale interactions in each direction. Our computational results with the streamwise-min…
Wall-roughness induces extra drag in wall-bounded turbulent flows. Mapping any given roughness geometry to its fluid dynamic behaviour has been hampered by the lack of accurate and direct measurements of skin-friction drag. Here the Taylor-Couette (TC) system provides an opportunity as it is a closed system and allows to directly and reliably measure the skin-friction. However, the wall-curvature potentially complicates the connection between the wall friction and the wall roughness characteristics. Here we investigate the effects of a hydrodynamically fully rough surface on highly turbulent, …
Using the Taylor--Couette geometry we experimentally investigate the effect of salt on drag reduction caused by bubbles present in the flow. We combine torque measurements with optical high-speed imaging to relate the bubble size to the drag experienced by the flow. Previous findings have shown that a small percentage of air (4%) can lead to dramatic drag reduction (40%). In contrast to previous laboratory experiments, which mainly used fresh water, we will vary the salinity from fresh water to the average salinity of ocean water. We find that the drag reduction is increasingly more inhibited …
Direct numerical simulations of turbulent non-rotating and rotating Plane Couette Flow with a periodically modulated plate velocity are conducted to study the effect of modulated forcing on turbulent shear flows. The time averaged shear Reynolds number is fixed to $Re_S = 3 \cdot 10^4$, which results in a frictional Reynolds number of approximately $Re_τ\approx 400$. The modulating frequency is varied in the range $Wo\in(20,200)$, while the modulating amplitude is kept fixed at $10\%$ of the shear velocity except to demonstrate that varying this parameter changes little. The resulting shear at…
