本文分析了独立旋转的外圆柱和外圆柱在强湍流区的Taylor-Couette流的整体输运特性，内圆柱和外圆柱的雷诺数分别达到Re_i = 2 x 10^6和Re_o = 1.4 x 10^6。对于所有Re_i、Re_o，无量纲扭矩G作为泰勒数Ta的函数缩放（其与内圆柱体和外圆柱体的角速度之间的差的平方成比例），具有通用有效标度律G \propto Ta^{0.88}，对应于表征内圆柱体和外圆柱体之间的角速度传输的努塞尔数的Nu_omega \propto Ta^{0.38}。指数0.38对应于类似瑞利-贝纳德系统的最终状态标度。对于沿相空间中的对角线的反向旋转情况，传输是最有效的，其中ω_0 \approx -0.4 ω_1。
英文摘要：
We analyze the global transport properties of turbulent Taylor-Couette flow in the strongly turbulent regime for independently rotating outer and inner cylinders, reaching Reynolds numbers of the inner and outer cylinders of Re_i = 2 x 10^6 and Re_o = 1.4 x 10^6, respectively. For all Re_i, Re_o, the dimensionless torque G scales as a function of the Taylor number Ta (which is proportional to the square of the difference between the angular velocities of the inner and outer cylinders) with a universal effective scaling law G \propto Ta^{0.88}, corresponding to Nu_omega \propto Ta^{0.38} for the Nusselt number characterizing the angular velocity transport between the inner and outer cylinders. The exponent 0.38 corresponds to the ultimate regime scaling for the analogous Rayleigh-Benard system. The transport is most efficient for the counterrotating case along the diagonal in phase space with omega_o \approx -0.4 omega_i.
Recent work suggests unstable recurrent solutions of the equations governing fluid flow can play an important role in structuring the dynamics of turbulence. Here we present a method for detecting intervals of time where turbulence "shadows" (spatially and temporally mimics) recurrent solutions. We find that shadowing occurs frequently and repeatedly in both numerical and experimental observations of counter-rotating Taylor-Couette flow, despite the relatively small number of known recurrent solutions in this system. Our results set the stage for experimentally-grounded dynamical descriptions …
Taylor-Couette flow is often used as a simplified model for complex rotating flows in the interior of stars and accretion disks. The flow dynamics in these objects is influenced by magnetic fields. For example, quasi-Keplerian flows in Taylor-Couette geometry become unstable to a travelling or standing wave in an external magnetic field if the fluid is conducting; there is an instability even when the flow is hydrodynamically stable. This magnetorotational instability leads to the development of chaotic states and, eventually, turbulence, when the cylinder rotation is sufficiently fast. The tr…
Emulsions are common in many natural and industrial settings. Recently, much attention has been put on understanding the dynamics of turbulent emulsions. This paper reviews some recent studies of emulsions in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow, mainly focusing on the statistics of the dispersed phase and the global momentum transport of the system. We first study the size distribution and the breakup mechanism of the dispersed droplets for turbulent emulsions with a low volume-fraction (dilute) of the dispersed phase. For systems with a high volume-fraction of the dispersed phase (dense), we addres…
The Twente turbulent Taylor-Couette (T3C) facility: Strongly turbulent (multiphase) flow between two independently rotating cylinders
本文构造了一个新的湍流Taylor-Couette系统，它由两个独立旋转的圆柱体组成。圆柱体之间的间隙高度为0.927 m，内半径为0.200 m，外半径可变（从0.279 m到0.220 m）。内圆柱体和外圆柱体的最大角旋转速率分别为20 Hz和10 Hz，以水为工作流体时，雷诺数高达3.4 x 10^6。利用该泰勒-库埃特系统，参数空间（Re_i，Re_o，η）扩展到（2.0 x 10^6，{ \pm }1.4 x 10^6，0.716-0.909）。该系统配备了气泡喷射器，温度控制，皮肤摩擦阻力传感器，和几个本地传感器研究湍流单相和两相流。内圆筒测力传感器通过扭矩测量检测皮肤摩擦阻力。透明的丙烯酸外筒允许液体流动和分散相（气泡、颗粒、纤维等）的动力学。在间隙内部，使用专门的局部传感器和非侵入式光学成像技术进行研究。该系统允许在高雷诺数制度的泰勒-库埃特流的研究，和背后的皮肤摩擦阻力改变由于气泡注射，聚合物注射，和表面疏水性和粗糙度的机制。
We present azimuthal velocity profiles measured in a Taylor-Couette apparatus, which has been used as a model of stellar and planetary accretion disks. The apparatus has a cylinder radius ratio of $η= 0.716$, an aspect-ratio of $Γ= 11.74$, and the plates closing the cylinders in the axial direction are attached to the outer cylinder. We investigate angular momentum transport and Ekman pumping in the Rayleigh-stable regime. The regime is linearly stable and is characterized by radially increasing specific angular momentum. We present several Rayleigh-stable profiles for shear Reynolds numbers $…
Emulsions are omnipresent in the food industry, health care, and chemical synthesis. In this Letter the dynamics of meta-stable oil-water emulsions in highly turbulent ($10^{11}\leq\text{Ta}\leq 3\times 10^{13}$) Taylor--Couette flow, far from equilibrium, is investigated. By varying the oil-in-water void fraction, catastrophic phase inversion between oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions can be triggered, changing the morphology, including droplet sizes, and rheological properties of the mixture, dramatically. The manifestation of these different states is exemplified by combining global to…
Dynamic properties of elasto-inertial turbulence (EIT) are studied in a Taylor-Couette geometry. EIT is a chaotic flow state that develops upon both non-negligible inertia and viscoelasticity. A combination of direct flow visualisation and torque measurement allows to verify the earlier onset of EIT compared to purely inertial instabilities (and inertial turbulence). The scaling of the pseudo-Nusselt number with inertia and elasticity is discussed here for the first time. Variations in the friction coefficient, temporal frequency spectra, and spatial power density spectra highlight that EIT un…
Although inertial particle-laden flows occur in a wide range of industrial and natural processes, there is both a lack of fundamental understanding of these flows and continuum-level governing equations needed to predict transport and particle distribution. Towards this effort, the Taylor-Couette flow (TCF) system has been used recently to study the flow behavior of particle-laden fluids under inertia. This article provides an overview of experimental, theoretical, and computational work related to the TCF of neutrally buoyant non-Brownian suspensions, with an emphasis on the effect of finite-…
Using the Taylor--Couette geometry we experimentally investigate the effect of salt on drag reduction caused by bubbles present in the flow. We combine torque measurements with optical high-speed imaging to relate the bubble size to the drag experienced by the flow. Previous findings have shown that a small percentage of air (4%) can lead to dramatic drag reduction (40%). In contrast to previous laboratory experiments, which mainly used fresh water, we will vary the salinity from fresh water to the average salinity of ocean water. We find that the drag reduction is increasingly more inhibited …
