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arXiv 1008.2146astro-ph.CO
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Megamaser Cosmology Project。III。具有环核巨泽盘的活动星系中七个超大质量黑洞的精确质量

The Megamaser Cosmology Project. III. Accurate Masses of Seven Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galaxies with Circumnuclear Megamaser Disks

C. Y. Kuo, J. A. Braatz, J. J. Condon, C. M. V. Impellizzeri, K. Y. Lo, I. Zaw, M. Schenker, C. Henkel, M. J. Reid, J. E. Greene

备注：
18 pages, 4 figures. This paper has been submitted to ApJ. An updated version of this paper will be posted when it gets accepted
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摘要：

为巨脉泽宇宙学计划观测活动星系环核盘中的H $_2$ O脉泽，可以精确测量这些星系中超大质量黑洞的质量。本文给出了六个活动星系NGC~1194、NGC~2273、NGC ~2960（Mrk~1419）、NGC~4388、NGC~6264和NGC~6323的甚长基线干涉（VLBI）图像和水脉泽运动学特征。我们使用开普勒旋转曲线的这六个超脉泽星系，再加上第七个以前出版的，以确定准确的封闭质量内的中央$\sim0.3$ PC这些星系，小于半径的影响范围内的中心质量在所有情况下。我们还将中心质量密度的下限设定在0.12和60 $\times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ ~pc $^{-3}$之间。对于七个圆盘中的六个，高中心密度排除了恒星或恒星残骸作为中心物体的可能性，这一结果进一步支持了我们的假设，即封闭的质量主要归因于超大质量黑洞。这七种BH的质量范围在0.76和6.5 $\times$ 10 $^7 M_{\odot}$之间。BH质量误差为$\approx11$ %，主要由哈勃常数的不确定性决定。我们比较了超脉泽BH质量测量与其他BH质量测量技术。基于维里的BH质量估计与最新经验值$\langle f \rangle$给出的超脉泽BH质量一致，但维里质量的不确定性要大得多。MCP观测仍在继续，我们希望在未来获得更多的微波激射BH质量。

英文摘要：

Observations of H$_2$O masers from circumnuclear disks in active galaxies for the Megamaser Cosmology Project allow accurate measurement of the mass of supermassive black holes (BH) in these galaxies. We present the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) images and kinematics of water maser emission in six active galaxies: NGC~1194, NGC~2273, NGC~2960 (Mrk~1419), NGC~4388, NGC~6264 and NGC~6323. We use the Keplerian rotation curves of these six megamaser galaxies, plus a seventh previously published, to determine accurate enclosed masses within the central $\sim0.3$ pc of these galaxies, smaller than the radius of the sphere of influence of the central mass in all cases. We also set lower limits to the central mass densities of between 0.12 and 60 $\times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$~pc$^{-3}$. For six of the seven disks, the high central densities rule out clusters of stars or stellar remnants as the central objects, and this result further supports our assumption that the enclosed mass can be attributed predominantly to a supermassive black hole. The seven BHs have masses ranging between 0.76 and 6.5$\times$10$^7 M_{\odot}$. The BH mass errors are $\approx11$\%, dominated by the uncertainty of the Hubble constant. We compare the megamaser BH mass determination with other BH mass measurement techniques. The BH mass based on virial estimation in four galaxies is consistent with the megamaser BH mass given the latest empirical value of $\langle f \rangle$, but the virial mass uncertainty is much greater. MCP observations continue and we expect to obtain more maser BH masses in the future.

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