We report duration dependence of superconductivity in a 43 \% humidity atmosphere and $^{59}$Co nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of polycrystalline samples of $bi$layer hydrated Na$_x$CoO$_2 \cdot y$H$_2$O. We found a reentrant behavior of superconductivity with respect to the time duration. We obtained the universal phase diagram where two superconducting phases and an in-between magnetic phase are classified by $^{59}$Co NQR frequency. Zero field $^{59}$Co nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates $1/T_1$ indicated a magnetic critical slowing down at 5 K in the magnetic phase, excluding a charge density wave ordering, and an enhancement at and just above $T_\mathrm{c}$ in a new superconducting phase, suggesting a coexistence of magnetic ordering.
We report electronic structure calculations within density functional theory for the hydrated superconductor Na_{1/3}CoO_2(1.33)H_2O and compare the results with the parent compound Na_{0.3}CoO_2. We find that the intercalation of water into the parent compound has little effect on the Fermi surface outside of the predictable effects expansion, in particular increased two-dimensionality. This implies an intimate connection between the electronic properties of the hydrated and unhydrated phases.
We solve a long-standing problem about a theoretical description of the upper critical magnetic field, parallel to conducting layers and perpendicular to conducting chains, in (TMTSF)$_2$ClO$_4$ superconductor. In particular, we explain why the experimental upper critical field, $H^{b'}_{c2} \simeq 6 \ T$, is higher than both the quasi-classical upper critical field and Clogston paramagnetic limit. We show that this property is due to the coexistence of the hidden Reentrant and Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell phases in a magnetic field in a form of three plane waves with non-zero momenta of t…
A new iridium containing layered cuprate material, IrSr_2Sm_{1.15}Ce_{0.85}Cu_{2.175}O_{10, has been synthesized by conventional ambient-pressure solid-state techniques. The material's structure has been fully characterized by Rietveld refinement of high resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction data; tilts and rotations of the IrO_6 octahedra are observed as a result of a bond mismatch between in-plane Ir-O and Cu-O bond lengths. DC-susceptibility measurements evidence a complex set of magnetic transitions upon cooling that are characteristic of a reentrant spin-glass ground-state. The glassy …
We study superconducting properties of population-imbalanced ultracold Fermi mixtures in the honeycomb lattice that can be effectively described by the spin-imbalanced attractive Hubbard model in the presence of a Zeeman magnetic field. We use the mean-field theory approach to obtain ground state phase diagrams including some unconventional superconducting phases such as the Fulde--Ferrell--Larkin--Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase. We show that this phase is characterized by atypical behaviour of the Cooper pairs total momentum in the external magnetic field. We show that the momentum changes its valu…
We report a complete analysis of the formal oxidation state of Co in NaxCoO2, in the interval 0.31<x<0.67. Iodometric titration and thermoelectric power confirm that a direct relationship between the Na content and the amount of Co 3 + cannot be established in this system. Creation of a significant amount of oxygen vacancies accompanies Na-ion deintercalation, keeping the formal Co valence at 3.45 + for x<0.45. To the light of new thermoelectric power data which reveals important differences between the hydrated (superconducting) and non-hydrated (non-superconducting) samples, we propose here …
We propose that unconventional superconductivity in hydrated sodium cobaltate $Na_xCoO_2$ results from an interplay of electronic correlations and electron-phonon interactions. On the basis of the $t-V$ model plus phonons we found evidences for a) unconventional superconductivity, b) realistic values of $T_c$ and c) the dome shape existing near $x \sim 0.35$. This picture is obtained for $V$ close to the critical Coulomb repulsion $V_c$ which separates the uniform Fermi liquid from $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ CDW ordered phase.
Moiré quantum matter has emerged as a novel materials platform where correlated and topological phases can be explored with unprecedented control. Among them, magic-angle systems constructed from two or three layers of graphene have shown robust superconducting phases with unconventional characteristics. However, direct evidence for unconventional pairing remains to be experimentally demonstrated. Here, we show that magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (MATTG) exhibits superconductivity up to in-plane magnetic fields in excess of 10 T, which represents a large ($2\sim3$ times) violation of th…
The phase diagram of non-hydrated Na(x)CoO(2) has been determined by changing the Na content x using a series of chemical reactions. As x increases from 0.3, the ground state goes from a paramagnetic metal to a charge-ordered insulator (at x=1/2) to a `Curie-Weiss metal' (around 0.70), and finally to a weak-moment magnetically ordered state (x>0.75). The unusual properties of the state at 1/2 (including particle-hole symmetry at low T and enhanced thermal conductivity) are described. The strong coupling between the Na ions and the holes is emphasized.
We report on first investigation of the lattice dynamics in the novel superconducting material Na$\_{0.35}$CoO$\_2$$\cdot$1.3H$\_2$O and the non-hydrated parent compound Na$\_{0.7}$CoO$\_2$ by inelastic x-ray scattering. The measured phonon dispersion along the $Γ-M$ direction show a marked softening with hole doping of two optical phonon branches close to the Brillouin zone boundary. The phonon spectra, dispersion, and softening are well reproduced by first-principle calculations. The calculations indicates that the soft branches are mainly composed of Co-vibration modes. The estimation of th…
We report the evidence of proton incorporations in a newly-discovered cobalt oxyhydrate superconductor. During the hydration process for Na$_{0.32}$CoO$_{2}$ by the direct reaction with water liquid, it was shown that substantial NaOH was gradually liberated, indicating that H$^{+}$ is incorporated into the hydrated compound. Combined with the thermogravimetric analysis, the chemical composition of the typical sample is Na$_{0.22}$H$_{0.1}$CoO$_{2}\cdot 0.85$H$_{2}$O, which shows bulk superconductivity at 4.4 K.
A reentrant temperature dependence of the thermoresistivity $ρ_{\mathrm{xx}}(T)$ between an onset local superconducting ordering temperature $T_\mathrm{loc}^\mathrm{onset}$ and a global superconducting transition at $T=T_\mathrm{glo}^\mathrm{offset}$ has been reported in disordered conventional 3-dimensional (3D) superconductors. The disorder of these superconductors is a result of either an extrinsic granularity due to grain boundaries, or of an intrinsic granularity ascribable to the electronic disorder originating from impurity dopants. Here, the effects of Fe doping on the electronic prope…
Uniaxial pressure applied in the b crystallographic direction perpendicular to spontaneous magnetization in heavy fermion ferromagnet URhGe strongly stimulates superconductivity in this compound. The phenomenological approach allows point out two mechanisms of superconducting temperature raising. They originates from stimulation by the uniaxial stress both intraband and interband amplitudes of triplet Cooper pairing. The phenomenon of reentrant superconductivity under magnetic field along b-axis is also strongly sensitive to the uniaxial stress in the same direction. The uniaxial stress accele…
$^{59}$Co NMR spectra in oriented powders of Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$ and in its hydrated superconducting phase (HSC) Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$,1.3H$_{2}$O reveal a single electronic Co state with identical $T$ independent NMR shift tensor. These phases differ markedly from Na$_{0.7}$CoO$_{2}$, in which we resolve 3 types of Co sites. The large T variation of their spin susceptibilities $χ^{s}$ and the anisotropy of the orbital susceptibility $χ^{orb}$ allow us to conclude that charge disproportionation occurs, in a non magnetic Co$^{3+}$ and two magnetic sites with about 0.3 and 0.7 holes in the $t_{2…
The strength and effect of Coulomb correlations in the (superconducting when hydrated) x~1/3 regime of Na(x)CoO(2) have been evaluated using the correlated band theory LDA+U method. Our results, neglecting quantum fluctuations, are: (1) there is a critical $U_{c}$ = 3 eV, above which charge ordering occurs at x=1/3, (2) in this charge-ordered state, antiferromagnetic coupling is favored over ferromagnetic, while below $U_{c}$, ferromagnetism is favored; and (3) carrier conduction behavior should be very asymmetric for dopings away from x=1/3. For x < 1/3, correlated hopping of parallel spin pa…
We report the $^{59}$Co NMR studies of the in-plane anisotropy of bilayer hydrated Na$_{x}\mathrm{CoO_{2}} \cdot$$y\mathrm{H_{2}O}$ using a oriented powder sample by a magnetic field in Fluorinert FC70. We found for the first time the $ab$-plane anisotropy of the $^{59}$Co NMR Knight shift $K$, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/$T_{1}$ and the nuclear spin-spin relaxation rate 1/$T_{2}$ at a magnetic field $H \sim$ 7.5 T up to 200K. Below 75 K, the anisotropy of $K$ is large compared with that at high temperatures. The hyperfine coupling constants seem to change around the temperature…
Superconductivity arises mostly at energy and temperature scales that are much smaller than the typical bare electronic energies. Since the computational effort of diagrammatic many-body techniques increases with the number of required Matsubara frequencies and thus with the inverse temperature, phase transitions that occur at low temperatures are typically hard to address numerically. In this work, we implement a fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approach to spin fluctuations and superconductivity using the "intermediate representation basis" (IR) [Shinaoka et al., PRB 96, 2017] for Matsubara Green…
University of Science and Technology Beijing（北京科技大学）；North China Electric Power University（华北电力大学）；Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院）；Anhui University（安徽大学）；Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research（高压科学前沿中心）；Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学）
We use inelastic light scattering to study Sr$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($x\approx0.34$), which exhibits a robust tetragonal magnetic phase that restores the four-fold rotation symmetry inside the orthorhombic magnetic phase. With cooling, we observe splitting and recombination of an $E_g$ phonon peak upon entering the orthorhombic and tetragonal magnetic phases, respectively, consistent with the reentrant phase behavior. Our electronic Raman data reveal a pronounced feature that is clearly associated with the tetragonal magnetic phase, suggesting the opening of an electronic gap. No phonon ba…
Elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements have been carried out to investigate the magnetic properties of superconducting (Tc~8K) HoNi2B2C. The inelastic measurements reveal that the lowest two crystal field transitions out of the ground state occurat 11.28(3) and 16.00(2) meV, while the transition of 4.70(9) meV between these two levels is observed at elevated temperatures. The temperature dependence of the intensities of these transitions is consistent with both the ground state and these higher levels being magnetic doublets. The system becomes magnetically long range ordered be…
Artificial magnetic fields (AMFs) created for ultra cold systems depend sensitively on the internal structure of the atoms. In a mixture, each component experiences a different AMF depending on its internal state. This enables the study of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing of fermions with unequal effective charges. In this Letter, we investigate the superconducting (SC) transition of a system formed by such pairs as a function of field strength. We consider a homogeneous two-component Fermi gas of unequal effective charges but equal densities with attractive interactions. We find that the pha…
The phenomenon of superconductivity was discovered in 1911, however, the methodology to classify and distinguish type-II superconductivity was established only in late fifties after Abrikosov's prediction of a flux line lattice in 1957. The advent of high temperature superconductors (HTSC) in 1986 focused attention onto identifying and classifying other possible phases of vortex matter in all classes of superconductors by a variety of techniques. We have collated evidences in support of a proposal to construct a generic phase diagram for weakly pinned superconducting systems, based on their re…
We discuss a detailed phase diagram and other microscopic characteristics on the applied magnetic field - temperature (H_a-T) plane for a simple model of correlated fluid represented by a two-dimensional (2D) gas of heavy quasiparticles with masses dependent on the spin direction and the effective field generated by the electron correlations. The consecutive transitions between the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases are either continuous or discontinuous, depending on the values of H_a and T. In the latter case, weak metamagnetic transitions …
We analyze superconducting correlations in the one-dimensional Kondo lattice models with Ising anisotropy under transverse magnetic fields, using the density matrix renormalization group. For the spin-1/2 local spin model, the Ising anisotropy is introduced by the ferromagnetic Ising interaction between the local spins, while for the spin-1 model, it is taken by the single-ion anisotropy. The magnetic properties under the transverse fields for the spin-1/2 model are very similar to those for the spin-1 model [K. Suzuki and K. Hattori, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 88, 024707 (2019).]. For the superconduc…
We explore superconducting instability for a clean two-band layered superconductor with deep and shallow bands in the magnetic field applied perpendicular to the layers. In the shallow band, the quasiclassical approximation is not applicable, and Landau quantization has to be accounted for exactly. The electronic spectrum of this band in the magnetic field is composed of the one-dimensional Landau-level minibands. With increasing magnetic field the system experiences series of Lifshitz transitions when the chemical potential enters and exits the minibands. These transitions profoundly influenc…
