创新系统的三重障碍视角
The Triple Helix Perspective of Innovation Systems
摘要：
除了大学、产业和政府之间网络化关系的新制度模型之外，三重障碍可以提供一种新进化论的解释，即三个相互作用的选择环境：市场、组织和技术机会。技术创新体系与国家创新体系有何不同？这三种选择环境实现了社会功能：财富创造、组织控制和有组织的知识生产。这一系统的主要载体--产业、政府和企业--在竞争的压力下，通过递归和相互作用提供了这种变化。实证案例研究使我们能够理解这些进化机制在历史实例中是如何运作的。例如，需要该模型来区分轨迹和状态。
英文摘要：
Alongside the neo-institutional model of networked relations among universities, industries, and governments, the Triple Helix can be provided with a neo-evolutionary interpretation as three selection environments operating upon one another: markets, organizations, and technological opportunities. How are technological innovation systems different from national ones? The three selection environments fulfill social functions: wealth creation, organization control, and organized knowledge production. The main carriers of this system-industry, government, and academia-provide the variation both recursively and by interacting among them under the pressure of competition. Empirical case studies enable us to understand how these evolutionary mechanisms can be expected to operate in historical instance. The model is needed for distinguishing, for example, between trajectories and regimes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
