三重障碍，四重障碍。. .,螺旋的N元组：分析知识经济的解释模型？
The Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix, . . ., and an N-tuple of Helices: Explanatory Models for Analyzing the Knowledge-based Economy?
摘要：
利用大学-产业-政府关系的三重障碍模型，人们可以衡量创新成为系统性创新的程度，而不是先验地假设存在国家（或地区）创新体系。然而，由于整合和分化的力量，创新模式的系统性预计仍将处于过渡阶段。财富创造、知识生产和规范控制功能的整合发生在组织的界面上，而市场上的交流、知识生产中的学术交流和政治话语则倾向于在全球范围内分化。三重障碍模型的新制度和新进化版本使我们能够反射性地捕捉这种张力。经验研究告诉我们是否需要三个以上的螺旋来解释。三重阻碍指示符可以在算法上扩展，例如，利用局部-全局作为第四维，或者更一般地，扩展到螺旋的N元组。
英文摘要：
Using the Triple Helix model of university-industry-government relations, one can measure the extent to which innovation has become systemic instead of assuming the existence of national (or regional) systems of innovations on a priori grounds. Systemness of innovation patterns, however, can be expected to remain in transition because of integrating and differentiating forces. Integration among the functions of wealth creation, knowledge production, and normative control takes place at the interfaces in organizations, while exchanges on the market, scholarly communication in knowledge production, and political discourse tend to differentiate globally. The neo-institutional and the neo-evolutionary versions of the Triple Helix model enable us to capture this tension reflexively. Empirical studies inform us whether more than three helices are needed for the explanation. The Triple Helix indicator can be extended algorithmically, for example, with local-global as a fourth dimension or, more generally, to an N-tuple of helices.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
