In this paper, we review several recent results concerning well-posedness of the one-dimensional, cubic Nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS) on the real line R and on the circle T for solutions below the L^2-threshold. We point out common results for NLS on R and the so-called "Wick ordered NLS" (WNLS) on T, suggesting that WNLS may be an appropriate model for the study of solutions below L^2(T). In particular, in contrast with a recent result of Molinet who proved that the solution map for the periodic cubic NLS equation is not weakly continuous from L^2(T) to the space of distributions, we show that this is not the case for WNLS.
We use modified scattering theory to demonstrate that small-data solutions to the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on rescaled waveguide manifolds, $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{T}^d$ for $d\geq 2$, demonstrate boundedness of Sobolev norms as well as weak instability.
In this paper, we establish bilinear and gradient bilinear Strichartz estimates for Schrödinger operators in 2 dimensional compact manifolds with boundary. Using these estimates, we can infer the local well-posedness of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in $H^s$ for every $s>{2/3}$ on such manifolds.
We review some recent results concerning the Initial Value Problem of 1d-cubic non-linear Schrödinger equation (NLS) and other related systems as the Schrödinger Map. For the latter we prove the existence of a cascade of energy. Finally, some new examples of the Talbot effect at the critical level of regularity are given.
We consider a system of coupled cubic Schrödinger equations. We prove that there exists a beating effect, i.e. an energy exchange between different modes. This construction may be transported to the linear time-dependent Schrödinger equation: we build solutions such that their Sobolev norms grow logarithmically. All these results are stated for large but finite times.
In this note, we consider the ill-posedness issue for the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, we prove norm inflation based at every initial condition in negative Sobolev spaces below or at the scaling critical regularity.
It is shown that the uniform radius of spatial analyticity $σ(t)$ of solutions at time $t$ to the 1d, 2d and 3d cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations cannot decay faster than $1/|t|$ as $|t| \to \infty$, given initial data that is analytic with fixed radius $σ_0$.
In this paper a nonlinear coupled Schrodinger system in the presence of mixed cubic and superlinear power laws is considered. Focus are made on the steady state solutions of the continuous system for existence and uniqueness by minimizing problem on some associated Nehari manifold.
We prove wellposedness of the Cauchy problem for the cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions and radial data on 3D balls. The main argument is based on a bilinear eigenfunction estimate and the use of $X^{s,b}$ spaces. The last part presents a first attempt to study the non radial case. We prove bilinear estimates for the linear Schrodinger flow with particular initial data.
In this paper we consider the long time behavior of solutions to the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation posed on the spatial domain $\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{T}^{d}$, $1\leq d\leq4$. For sufficiently small, smooth, decaying data we prove global existence and derive modified asymptotic dynamics. We also consider the asymptotic completeness problem.
We prove global well-posedness for the cubic, defocusing, nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation on $\mathbf{R}^{2}$ with data $u_{0} \in H^{s}(\mathbf{R}^{2})$, $s > 1/4$. We accomplish this by improving the almost Morawetz estimates in [9].
For the Schrödinger equation with a cubic-quintic, focusing-defocusing nonlinearity in one space dimension, we prove the asymptotic stability of solitary waves for a large range of admissible frequencies. For this model, the linearized problem around the solitary waves does not have internal mode nor resonance.
We consider the problem of recovering a spatially-localized cubic nonlinearity in a nonlinear Schrödinger equation in dimensions two and three. We prove that solutions with data given by small-amplitude wave packets accrue a nonlinear phase that determines the X-ray transform of the nonlinear coefficient.
We investigate the cubic defocusing fourth order Schrödinger equation $iu_t + Δ^2u + |u|^2u=0$ in arbitrary space dimension $\mathbb{R}^n$ for arbitrary $H^2$ initial data. We prove that the equation is globally well-posed when $n \le 8$ and ill-posed when $n \ge 9$, with the additional important information that scattering holds true when $5 \le n \le 8$.
Consider the initial value problem for systems of cubic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension with the masses satisfying a suitable resonance relation. We give structural conditions on the nonlinearity under which the small data solution gains an additional logarithmic decay as $t \to +\infty$ compared with the corresponding free evolution.
This is a sequel to the paper "Large time asymptotics for a cubic nonlinear Schrödinger system in one space dimension" by the same authors. We continue to study the Cauchy problem for the two-component system of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension. We provide criteria for large time decay or non-decay in $L^2$ of the small amplitude solutions in terms of the Fourier transforms of the initial data.
In this note, we consider the ill-posedness issue for the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on the circle. In particular, adapting the argument by Christ-Colliander-Tao [14] to the periodic setting, we exhibit a norm inflation phenomenon for both the usual cubic NLS and the Wick ordered cubic NLS for $s \leq s_\text{crit} :=- \frac 12$. We also discuss norm inflation phenomena for general cubic fractional NLS on the circle.
We obtain probabilistic local well-posedness in quasilinear regimes for the Schrödinger half-wave equation with a cubic nonlinearity. We need to use a refined ansatz because of the lack of probabilistic smoothing in the Picard's iterations, which is due to the high-low-low frequency interactions. The proof is an adaptation of the method of Bringmann on the derivative nonlinear wave equation to Schrödinger-type equations. In addition, we discuss ill-posedness results for this equation.
This paper addresses the focusing cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrodinger equation in three space dimensions. Especially, we study the global dynamics of solutions whose energy and mass equal to those of the ground state in the sprits of Duyckaerts and Merle (2009). When we try to obtain the corresponding result, we meet several difficulties due to the cubic-quintic nonlinearity. We overcome them by using the one-pass theorem (no return theorem) developed by Nakanishi and Schlag (2012).
We consider non-gauge-invariant cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension. We show that initial data of size $\varepsilon$ in a weighted Sobolev space lead to solutions with sharp $L_x^\infty$ decay up to time $\exp(C\varepsilon^{-2})$. We also exhibit norm growth beyond this time for a specific choice of nonlinearity.
In this paper, we study the defocusing cubic Schrödinger equation on three dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^3$ with radial initial data in the Sobolev Space $H^s(0<s<1)$. Our main result is that the initial value problem is globally wellposed and scatters for $\frac{15}{16}<s<1$. This is an extension of the work of Staffilani and Yu to the three dimensional hyperbolic space.
We consider the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on product manifolds $\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{T}$. In this paper, we obtain polynomial bounds on the growth in time of high Sobolev norms of the solutions. The main ingredient of the proof is to establish an iteration bound, which is based on the idea used by Bourgain in \cite{B1}.
We study the defocusing inhomogeneous mass-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbb R^2$ $$i u_t +Δu=g(nx) |u|^2 u$$ for initial data in $L^2(\mathbb R^2)$. We obtain sufficient conditions on $g$ to ensure existence and uniqueness of global solutions for $n$ sufficiently large, as well as homogenization.
We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a focusing cubic term and a defocusing quintic nonlinearity in dimensions two and three. The core of this article is the notion of stability of solitary waves. We recall the two standard notions of orbital stability in the context of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and show that they must be considered as independent from each other. We investigate numerically the notion of orbital stability of ground states in the radially symmetric case, confirming existing conjectures or leading to new ones.
In this article, we prove the global well-posedness and scattering of the cubic focusing infinite coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system on $\mathbb{R}^2$ below the threshold in $L_x^2h^1(\mathbb{R}^2\times \mathbb{Z})$. We first establish the variational characterization of the ground state, and derive the threshold of the global well-posedness and scattering. Then we show the global well-posedness and scattering below the threshold by the concentration-compactness/rigidity method, where the almost periodic solution is excluded by adapting the argument in the proof of the mass-critical nonlinea…
We consider a two-component system of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension. We show that each component of the solutions to this system behaves like a free solution in the large time, but there is a strong restriction between the profiles of them. This turns out to be a consequence of non-trivial long-range nonlinear interactions.
Consider the initial value problem for cubic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension. We provide a detailed lower bound estimate for the lifespan of the solution, which can be computed explicitly from the initial data and the nonlinear term. This is an extension and a refinement of the previous work by one of the authors where the gauge-invariant nonlinearity was treated.
In this article, we will show the global wellposedness and scattering of the cubic defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation on waveguide $\mathbb{R}^2\times \mathbb{T}$ in $H^1$. We first establish the linear profile decomposition in $H^{ 1}(\mathbb{R}^2 \times \mathbb{T})$ motivated by the linear profile decomposition of the mass-critical Schrödinger equation in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^2)$. Then by using the solution of the infinite dimensional vector-valued resonant nonlinear Schrödinger system to approximate the nonlinear profile, we can prove scattering in $H^1$ by using the concentration-compact…
In this paper, we prove global well-posedness and scattering for the defocusing, cubic nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation in three dimensions when $n = 3$ when $u_{0} \in H^{s}(\mathbf{R}^{3})$, $s > 3/4$. To this end, we utilize a linear-nonlinear decomposition, similar to the decomposition used in [12] for the wave equation.
A characteristic of the defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), when defined so that the space variable is the multi-dimensional square (hence rational) torus, is that there exist solutions that start with arbitrarily small norms Sobolev norms and evolve to develop arbitrarily large modes at later times; this phenomenon is recognized as a weak energy transfer to high modes for the NLSE. In this paper, we show that when the system is considered on an irrational torus, energy transfer is more difficult to detect.
This article is concerned with the small data problem for the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in one space dimension, and short range modifications of it. We provide a new, simpler approach in order to prove that global solutions exist for data which is small in $H^{0,1}$. In the same setting we also discuss the related problems of obtaining a modified scattering expansion for the solution, as well as asymptotic completeness.
In this note we consider the 1-D cubic Schrödinger equation with data given as small perturbations of a Dirac-$δ$ function and some other related equations. We first recall that although the problem for this type of data is ill-posed one can use the geometric framework of the Schrödinger map to define the solution beyond the singularity time. Then, we find some natural and well defined geometric quantities that are not regular at time zero. Finally, we make a link between these results and some known phenomena in fluid mechanics that inspired this note.
We consider the initial value problem for a system of cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations with different masses in one space dimension. Under a suitable structural condition on the nonlinearity, we will show that the small amplitude solution exists globally and decays of the rate $O(t^{-1/2}(\log t)^{-1/2})$ in $L^\infty$ as $t$ tends to infinity, if the system satisfies certain mass relations.
It is shown that plane wave solutions to the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a torus behave orbitally stable under generic perturbations of the initial data that are small in a high-order Sobolev norm, over long times that extend to arbitrary negative powers of the smallness parameter. The perturbation stays small in the same Sobolev norm over such long times. The proof uses a Hamiltonian reduction and transformation and, alternatively, Birkhoff normal forms or modulated Fourier expansions in time.
In this paper, local well-posedness is shown for the one dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in $L^p$-spaces for $2<p<4$, which generalizes a classical result for $p=2$ by Y. Tsutsumi and recent work for $1<p<2$ by Y. Zhou. As a consequence, a local theory of solutions is established for a class of data which decay more slowly than square integrable functions. Regularity properties of the local solutions in the $L^p$-based Sobolev spaces and Stricharz spaces are also proved.
Lie symmetry analysis is an established method for generating symmetries of differential equations. We apply this method together the generalized fundamental theorem of double reduction. In particular, Noether symmetries and some associated conservation laws are constructed in our investigation to find exact solutions of higher order partial differential equations and complex partial differential equations.
In this paper, we consider the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation with third order dispersion on the circle. In the non-resonant case, we prove that the mean-zero Gaussian measures on Sobolev spaces $H^s(\mathbb{T})$, $s > \frac 34$, are quasi-invariant under the flow. In establishing the result, we apply gauge transformations to remove the resonant part of the dynamics and use invariance of the Gaussian measures under these gauge transformations.
We consider the one-dimensional cubic fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation $$i\partial_tu-(-Δ)^σu+|u|^{2}u=0,$$ where $σ\in (\frac12,1)$ and the operator $(-Δ)^σ$ is the fractional Laplacian of symbol $|ξ|^{2σ}$. Despite of lack of any Galilean-type invariance, we construct a new class of traveling soliton solutions of the form $$u(t,x)=e^{-it(|k|^{2σ}-ω^{2σ})}Q_{ω,k}(x-2tσ|k|^{2σ-2}k),\quad k\in\mathbb{R},\ ω>0$$ by a rather involved variational argument.
We study the flow map associated to the cubic Schrodinger equation in space dimension at least three. We consider initial data of arbitrary size in $H^s$, where $0<s<s_c$, $s_c$ the critical index, and perturbations in $H^\si$, where $\si<s_c$ is independent of $s$. We show an instability mechanism in some Sobolev spaces of order smaller than $s$. The analysis relies on two features of super-critical geometric optics: creation of oscillation, and ghost effect.
We consider the Cauchy problem for the defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in four space dimensions and establish almost sure local well-posedness and conditional almost sure scattering for random initial data in $H^s_x(\mathbb{R}^4)$ with $\frac{1}{3} < s < 1$. The main ingredient in the proofs is the introduction of a functional framework for the study of the associated forced cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which is inspired by certain function spaces used in the study of the Schrödinger maps problem, and is based on Strichartz spaces as well as variants of local smoothing…
We consider the cubic Hyperbolic Schrödinger equation \eqref{eq:nls} on torus $\T^2$. We prove that sharp $L^4$ Strichartz estimate, which implies that \eqref{eq:nls} is analytic locally well-posed in in $H^s(\T^2)$ with $s>1/2$, meanwhile, the ill-posedness in $H^s(\T^2)$ for $s<1/2$ is also obtained. The main difficulty comes from estimating the number of representations of an integer as a difference of squares.
We characterize the location and number of eigenvalues for the Lax operator associated to the one-dimensional cubic nonlinear defocusing Schrödinger equation. With the help of a newly discovered unitary matrix, the analysis reduces to the study of the spectral problem for a unitarily equivalent operator, which involves only the amplitude and the phase velocity of the potential. Examples of potentials with special amplitude and phase velocity are investigated.
We obtain the local well-posedness of the one dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger Equation for initial data in the modulation space $M_{2, p}$ for all $2\le p<\infty$, which covers all the subcritical cases from the viewpoint of scaling. Moreover, in order to approach the endpoint space $M_{2,\infty}$, we will prove the almost global well-posedness in some Orlicz-type space, which is a natural generalisation of $M_{2,p}$ for large $p$. The new ingredient is an endpoint version of the two dimensional restriction estimate.
We prove the ill-posedness in $ H^s(\T) $, $s<0$, of the periodic cubic Schrödinger equation in the sense that the flow-map is not continuous from $H^s(\T) $ into itself for any fixed $ t\neq 0 $. This result is slightly stronger than the one obtained by Christ-Colliander-Tao where the discontinuity of the solution map is established. Moreover our proof is different and clarifies the ill-posedness phenomena. Our approach relies on a new result on the behavior of the associated flow-map with respect to the weak topology of $ L^2(\T) $.
In this paper, we consider the Cauchy's problem of global existence and scattering behavior of small, smooth, and localized solutions of cubic fractional Schrödinger equations in one dimension, \begin{equation*} \mathrm{i} \partial_t u- (-Δ)^{\fracα{2}} u=c_*|u|^2u, \end{equation*} where $α\in (\frac{1}{3},1), c_* \in \mathbb{R}$. Our work is a generalization of the result due to Ionescu and Pusateri \cite{IP}, where the case $α=\frac{1}{2}$ was considered. The highlight in this paper is to give a modified dispersive estimate in weighted Sobolev spaces for cubic fractional Schrödinger equation…
We study the low regularity well-posedness of the 1-dimensional cubic nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equations with Lévy indices $1 < α< 2$. We consider both non-periodic and periodic cases, and prove that the Cauchy problems are locally well-posed in $H^s$ for $s \geq \frac {2-α}4$. This is shown via a trilinear estimate in Bourgain's $X^{s,b}$ space. We also show that non-periodic equations are ill-posed in $H^s$ for $\frac {2 - 3α}{4(α+ 1)} < s < \frac {2-α}4$ in the sense that the flow map is not locally uniformly continuous.
We study the cubic defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbb{R}^4$ with supercritical initial data. For randomized initial data in $H^s(\mathbb{R}^4)$, we prove almost sure local wellposedness for $\frac{1}{7} < s < 1$ and almost sure scattering for $\frac{5}{7} < s < 1$. The randomization is based on a unit-scale decomposition in frequency space, a decomposition in the angular variable, and - for the almost sure scattering result - an additional unit-scale decomposition in physical space. We employ new probabilistic estimates for the linear Schrödinger flow with randomized data, w…
We study the evolution of the one dimensional periodic cubic Schrödinger equation (NLS) with bounded variation data. For the linear evolution, it is known that for irrational times the solution is a continuous, nowhere differentiable fractal-like curve. For rational times the solution is a linear combination of finitely many translates of the initial data. Such a dichotomy was first observed by Talbot in an optical experiment performed in 1836. In this paper we prove that a similar phenomenon occurs in the case of the NLS equation.
We consider the problem of large data scattering for the defocusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbb{R}^2$ $\times$ $\mathbb{T}^2$. This equation is critical both at the level of energy and mass. The key ingredients contain a global-in-time Stricharz estimate, resonant system approximation and profile decomposition. Assuming the large data scattering for the 2d cubic resonant system, we can prove the large data scattering for this problem.
