来自laser生物等离子体的超短硬X射线亮点源
A bright point source of ultrashort hard x-rays from laser bioplasmas
摘要：
微米和纳米结构散射光并非常有效地放大局部电场。能量入射为强烈的超短激光脉冲可以转换为x射线和热电子更有效地与基板，适当地修改局部领域。在这里，我们表明，涂覆一个普通的玻璃表面与几微米厚的层的一种无处不在的微生物，{ \it大肠杆菌}，弹射硬X射线韧致辐射发射（高达300千电子伏）的亮度超过两个数量级，在入射激光强度为10 $^{16}$ W cm $^{-2}$。这种增加的产率归因于单个{ \it E. coli}细胞，并通过详细的粒子模拟（PIC）再现。激光等离子体和生物靶的这种组合可以导致交钥匙，数千赫兹和环境安全的硬x射线源。
英文摘要：
Micro and nano structures scatter light and amplify local electric fields very effectively. Energy incident as intense ultrashort laser pulses can be converted to x-rays and hot electrons more efficiently with a substrate that suitably modifies the local fields. Here we demonstrate that coating a plain glass surface with a few micron thick layer of an ubiquitous microbe, {\it Escherichia coli}, catapults the brightness of hard x-ray bremsstrahlung emission (up to 300 keV) by more than two orders of magnitude at an incident laser intensity of 10$^{16}$ W cm$^{-2}$. This increased yield is attributed to the local enhancement of electric fields around individual {\it E. coli} cells and is reproduced by detailed particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. This combination of laser plasmas and biological targets can lead to turnkey, multi-kilohertz and environmentally safe sources of hard x-rays.
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