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arXiv 1006.3095cond-mat.str-elquant-ph
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用树型张量网络模拟强关联量子系统

Simulating Strongly Correlated Quantum Systems with Tree Tensor Networks

Valentin Murg, Örs Legeza, Reinhard M. Noack, Frank Verstraete

摘要:

提出了一种基于树张量网络的方法来研究高维强关联非局域相互作用系统。虽然动量空间和量子化学版本的密度矩阵重整化群(DMRG)方法早已应用于这样的系统,空间拓扑结构的DMRG为基础的方法允许进行有效的优化相对于一个空间维度。扩展矩阵产品状态图片,我们制定了一个更一般的方法,允许本地网站耦合到两个以上的相邻辅助子空间。跟随石et.等人[Phys.Rev.A,74,022320(2006)],我们处理具有任意坐标数z的树状网络模型,其中z=2的情况对应于一维方案。对于这个模型,长程相关性偏离平均场值的多项式距离,相反的矩阵乘积模型,它偏离指数。树张量网络方法的计算成本明显小于以前基于DMRG的尝试,后者将几个块重新归一化为单个块。此外,我们还研究了么正变换对局部基态的影响,并提出了一种优化此类变换的方法。对于一维相互作用无自旋费米子模型,优化变换在实空间和动量空间之间平滑插值。在小量子化学系统上进行的计算支持我们的方法。

英文摘要:

We present a tree-tensor-network-based method to study strongly correlated systems with nonlocal interactions in higher dimensions. Although the momentum-space and quantum-chemistry versions of the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method have long been applied to such systems, the spatial topology of DMRG-based methods allows efficient optimizations to be carried out with respect to one spatial dimension only. Extending the matrix-product-state picture, we formulate a more general approach by allowing the local sites to be coupled to more than two neighboring auxiliary subspaces. Following Shi. et. al. [Phys. Rev. A, 74, 022320 (2006)], we treat a tree-like network ansatz with arbitrary coordination number z, where the z=2 case corresponds to the one-dimensional scheme. For this ansatz, the long-range correlation deviates from the mean-field value polynomially with distance, in contrast to the matrix-product ansatz, which deviates exponentially. The computational cost of the tree-tensor-network method is significantly smaller than that of previous DMRG-based attempts, which renormalize several blocks into a single block. In addition, we investigate the effect of unitary transformations on the local basis states and present a method for optimizing such transformations. For the 1-d interacting spinless fermion model, the optimized transformation interpolates smoothly between real space and momentum space. Calculations carried out on small quantum chemical systems support our approach.

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